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Division de l’hydraulique agricole

Corporate body | 26/11/1881 - 07/10/1930 Identifier: FRAN_NP_052766
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France
Archives nationales

Date of foundation:

26/11/1881

Date of closing:

07/10/1930

Alternative names:

Direction de l’hydraulique agricole

Direction de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles

Direction générale des eaux et forêts, 2e partie : service des eaux et améliorations agricoles

Direction générale des eaux et forêts, 2e partie : service des eaux et génie rural

France. Service d'études des grandes forces hydrauliques

France. Ministère de l'agriculture. Service d'études des grandes forces hydrauliques

France. Ministère de l'Agriculture. Direction de l’hydraulique agricole (1881-1930)

LEGAL STATUS

Legal status:

service d'administration centrale

FUNCTION

Function:

agriculture

Function:

aménagement rural

MANDATE

Citation:

Décret du 25 novembre 1881 portant organisation de l’administration centrale du ministère de l’Agriculture (JORF, 26 novembre 1881, p. 6554)

Citation:

Décret du 18 février 1882 portant réorganisation de l’administration centrale du ministère de l’Agriculture (JORF, 18 février 1882, p. 932)

Citation:

Décret du 28 septembre 1887 portant règlement d’administration publique pour le ministère de l’Agriculture décret du 28 septembre 1887 (JORF, 29 septembre 1887, p. 4332)

Citation:

Décret du 14 janvier 1888 modifiant le décret du 28 septembre 1887, réglant l’organisation centrale du ministère de l’Agriculture (JORF, 15 janvier 1888, p. 175)

Citation:

Décret du 24 janvier 1895 réglant l’organisation de l’administration centrale du ministère de l’Agriculture (JORF, 25 janvier 1895, p. 470)

Citation:

Décret du 1er juillet 1897 chargeant l’administration des forêts de l’étude des projets et de l’exécution des travaux d’utilisation agricole des eaux dans les régions forestières ou pastorales (JORF, 8 août 1897, p. 4575)

Citation:

Décret du 27 janvier 1903 portant transformation de la direction de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles (JORF, 30 janvier 1903, p. 547)

Citation:

Décret du 12 mai 1909 fixant les attributions des services des bureaux de l’administration centrale du ministère de l’Agriculture et répartissant e personnel gradé dans les services (JORF, 19 mai 1909, p. 5533)

Citation:

Décret du 21 octobre 1911 réglant la répartition des attributions administratives du ministère de l’Agriculture entre les différents services, (JORF, 21 octobre 1911, p. 8609)

Citation:

Décret du 26 décembre 1918 relatif à l’organisation du corps du génie rural (JORF, 30 décembre 1918, p. 11277)

Citation:

Décret du 20 avril 1922 portant modifications dans les attributions administratives de divers services du ministère (JORF, 20 avril 1922, p. 4776)

Citation:

Décret du 4 février 1926 modifiant les attributions administratives des services du ministère (JORF, 4 février 1926, p. 1610)

Citation:

Décret du 8 octobre 1930 fixant les attributions administratives des services du ministère de l’Agriculture (JORF, 9 octobre 1930, p. 11511).

STRUCTURE

Note:

Le service chargé de l’hydraulique agricole comprend deux bureaux : en 1881, l’un est chargé de l’irrigation, drainage et service divers, l’autre des dessèchements et assainissements. Cette organisation double demeure constante, avec l’ajout d’un service des études techniques et du secrétariat (assurant notamment le secrétariat des commissions consultatives) en 1882, même si les attributions de ces deux bureaux varient parfois. En 1882, la division de l’hydraulique devient une direction, puis en 1903 prend le nom de direction de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles. Son administration s’étoffe : le premier bureau se divise en deux sections (1re section : police des eaux, dessèchement et assainissements ; 2e section : améliorations agricoles permanentes diverses) tandis que le 2e bureau est chargé des canaux d’irrigation et de submersion et des affaires générales. Le 21 octobre 1911, le service de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles est rattaché à la direction générale des Eaux et Forêts, mais reste organisé en deux parties et comporte toujours un service technique.

HISTORICAL NOTE

Historical note:

La gestion des eaux dépend dans son ensemble du ministère des Travaux publics jusqu’à la création du ministère de l’Agriculture en 1881. La division de l’hydraulique agricole, confiée à un inspecteur général des ponts et chaussées, rejoint alors le nouveau ministère. Le ministère des Travaux publics conserve toutefois ses compétences sur les cours d’eaux domaniaux, tandis que la gestion des cours d’eau dits non navigables ni flottables relève du ministère de l’Agriculture. Le service de l’hydraulique agricole est en fait chargé de l’aménagement du territoire rural au sens large, ce que traduit en 1903 l’adoption du nom de direction de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles. Cette direction gère les questions concernant les canaux d’irrigation, les marais salants, la mise en valeur des communaux, la police et l’entretien des cours d’eau non navigables ni flottables, l’assainissement des terres humides, le contentieux concernant ces affaires, la réalisation de cartes topographiques et de statistiques, et les affaires relatives à la comptabilité et au personnel extérieur au ministère. Toutefois, l’hydraulique agricole partage des missions avec l’administration des eaux et forêts : le décret du 1er juillet 1897 confie ainsi l’étude des projets et l’exécution des travaux d’utilisation agricole des eaux dans les régions forestières ou pastorales à l’administration des Forêts. Cette dernière possède également un service des améliorations pastorales, des eaux et de la pisciculture. La proximité entre les deux directions conduit à un rattachement de ces deux entités le 21 octobre 1911 : la direction de l’hydraulique et des améliorations agricoles est intégrée à la direction générale des Eaux et Forêts. Les améliorations agricoles, dont l’importance a été particulièrement illustrée par la Première Guerre mondiale, prennent en 1926 le nom de génie rural, alors que le corps des améliorations agricoles avait déjà pris ce nom par un décret du 26 décembre 1918. Un rapport d’octobre 1930 expose l’accroissement et le développement du service de l’hydraulique, dont il recommande le détachement de la direction générale des Eaux et Forêts, qui représente elle-même un service colossal au sein de l’administration du ministère. Le décret du 8 octobre 1930 crée alors la direction du génie rural et de l’hydraulique agricole.


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