1er juin 1887
22 mai 1896
• Loi du 16 juillet 1889 portant autorisation au gouvernement de traiter avec les villes pour l’établissement de réseaux téléphoniques d’intérêt local et d’emprunter à la Caisse des dépôts et consignations les sommes nécessaires pour effectuer le rachat des réseaux exploités par la société générale des téléphones (Journal officiel, 27 juillet 1889, pp. 3685-3686).
Organisation du service
Almanach national, 1887-1889
Ministère des Finances
Direction générale des Postes et des Télégraphes
• Service central
• 1ère division : Matériel et construction
• 2e division : Exploitation
• 3e division : Comptabilité
Journal officiel, 14 août 1889 et Almanach national, 1890-1891
Ministère du Commerce et de l’Industrie
Direction générale des Postes et des Télégraphes
• Service central
• 1re division : Matériel et construction
• 2e division : Exploitation postale
• 3e division : Exploitation électrique
• 4e division : Comptabilité
Almanach national, 1892-1895
Ministère du Commerce et de l’Industrie
Direction générale des Postes et des Télégraphes
• Bureau central
• 1re division : Matériel et exploitation électrique
• 2e division : Exploitation postale
• 3e division : Comptabilité
Responsables
1887-1889 : Georges Coulon, directeur général
1890-1896 : Justin Germain Casimir de Selvès, directeur général
Après seulement huit années d’existence, de 1879 à 1887, le décret du 30 mai 1887 supprime le ministère des Postes et Télégraphes, ses services sont alors rattachés au ministère des Finances. Par décret du 15 juin 1887, une direction générale des postes et des télégraphes est constituée, composée d’un service central et de trois divisions (matériel et construction, exploitation et comptabilité). Dès le 5 janvier 1889, les services des postes et des télégraphes passent sous la tutelle du ministère du Commerce et de l’Industrie, en raison de l’importance accrue de ces services dans le domaine des communications.
L’année 1889 est une année charnière en raison du vote de la loi du 16 juillet qui permet à l’État de racheter les réseaux exploités par la Société générale des téléphones. Après dix ans d’exploitation privée, le téléphone est « nationalisé ». Cette « nationalisation » entraîne une réorganisation administrative au sein de la direction générale ; la division de l’exploitation est scindée en deux entités ; l’exploitation postale est ainsi distincte de l’exploitation électrique qui s’organise en deux bureaux : correspondances télégraphiques et correspondances électriques (loi du 14 août 1889). L’organisation administrative est à nouveau modifiée par le décret du 2 février 1892 ; une division regroupant le matériel et l’exploitation électrique est alors créée.
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