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Barante, Amable-Guillaume-Prosper Brugière (1782-1866 ; baron de)

Person | 10 juin 1782 - 21 novembre 1866 Identifier: FRAN_NP_052004
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France
Archives nationales

Archival materials (1)

Date of birth:

10 juin 1782

Date of death:

21 novembre 1866

Alternative names:

Barante, Amable de (1782-1866)

Barante, Baron de (1782-1866)

Brugière, Amable-Guillaume-Prosper (1782-1866)

Brugière, Prosper (1782-1866)

Barante, Prosper Brugière (1782-1866 ; baron de)

PLACE

Place:

Bressuire

Bressuire (Deux-Sèvres)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Place:

Genève

Genève (Suisse)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Place:

Riom

Riom (Puy-de-Dôme)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Place:

Vendée

Vendée (Pays-de-la-Loire , département)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Place:

château de Barante

Dorat (Puy-de-Dôme)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

OCCUPATION

Occupation:

ambassadeur

Date:

1830 - 1848

Note:

Prosper de Barante est ambassadeur à Turin puis à Saint-Pétersbourg.

Occupation:

Date:

1815 - 1815

Occupation:

Date:

1813 - 1815

Note:

Prosper de Barante est préfet de Loire-Inférieure.

Occupation:

Date:

1809 - 1815

Note:

Prosper de Brante est député de Loire-Inférieure et du Puy-de-Dôme

Occupation:

écrivain

Date:

1809 - 21 novembre 1866

Occupation:

Date:

1808 - 1812

Note:

Prosper de Barante est préfet de la Vendée.

Occupation:

sous-préfet

Date:

1807 - 1809

Note:

Prosper de Barante est sous-préfet de Bressuire

BIOGRAPHY

Biography:

Fils de Claude Ignace Brugière de Barante, Prosper Brugière de Barante (1782-1866) naît à Riom. Après une formation à l’École polytechnique où il entre en 1798, il commence sa carrière dans l’administration en 1800 aux côtés de son père, alors préfet de l’Aude. En 1802, il est affecté en tant que surnuméraire au ministère de l’Intérieur et collabore au Publiciste et à la Décade philosophique. Il part toutefois rapidement à Genève rejoindre son père, devenu préfet du Léman. Il s’y éprend de Germaine de Staël, mais son père interdit le mariage, de peur que la carrière de son fils ne souffre de cette alliance avec une femme si mal vue des autorités impériales. Revenu à Paris en 1806, il est admis comme auditeur au Conseil d’État. Talleyrand le charge, cette même année, d’une mission secondaire à Madrid, puis il est affecté à l’intendance générale de l’armée pendant la campagne 1806-1807. Révulsé par les horreurs de la guerre, il n’hésite pas non plus à critiquer l’administration impériale vis-à-vis des pays conquis. Il se retrouve donc affecté à un poste sans éclat et devient sous-préfet de Bressuire en juillet 1807. En 1809, il obtient finalement le poste de préfet de Vendée, puis celui de préfet de la Loire-Inférieure en 1813, où il reste jusqu’en 1815. Royaliste de cœur et rallié aux Bourbons, il s’efforce d’organiser la résistance dans les départements de l’ouest durant les Cent-Jours.

À la Seconde Restauration, il est nommé en récompense conseiller d’État et secrétaire général du ministère de l’Intérieur et remplit brièvement la fonction de ministre de l’intérieur par intérim jusqu’à la nomination du comte de Vaublanc. Il est ensuite nommé directeur général des Contributions Indirectes. Élu député le 22 août 1815 dans les départements de la Loire-Inférieure et du Puy-de-Dôme, il siège avec la minorité libérale. Mais devenu inéligible en novembre 1815 pour cause de limite d’âge – il n’avait pas encore quarante ans -, il siège désormais à la Chambre des députés comme commissaire du gouvernement. Élevé à la dignité de pair de France le 5 mars 1819, il continue de défendre ses idées libérales, ce qui lui vaut la perte de son poste au Conseil d’État, lors du retour de la réaction avec le second ministère Richelieu. Il refuse l’ambassade du Danemark qui lui était offerte en compensation et se retire dans ses terres de Barante. Il s’y livre alors à des recherches historiques et rédige une Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de Valois (1824-1826) en treize volumes qui lui ouvre les portes de l’Académie française, où il est élu en 1828 au fauteuil 33.

La monarchie de Juillet voit son retour en politique : elle correspond en effet parfaitement à son idéal politique de monarchie constitutionnelle ; de plus, Guizot et lui sont amis depuis 1809. Il vote donc constamment en faveur de la majorité ministérielle. Il est envoyé comme ambassadeur à Turin en 1830 et à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1835 ; une brouille diplomatique entre la France et la Russie le ramène dans son pays en 1842, mais il reste officiellement l’ambassadeur de Russie jusqu’en 1848. La Révolution de 1848 lui fait quitter définitivement la politique. Dans sa propriété de Barante, il se consacre désormais à ses collections d’art et de livres et à ses travaux d’écriture. Il y reçoit également nombre d’invités illustres, tels Chateaubriand, Guizot, Lamartine, Cousin, Thiers ou le duc de Broglie.

Prosper Brugière de Barante a reçu la Légion d’honneur en 1846. Il est l’auteur de nombreux ouvrages, parmi lesquels : Tableau de la littérature du XVIIIe siècle (1809) ; Des communes et de l’aristocratie (1821) ; Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages de M. le comte de Montlosier (1842) ; Histoire de la Convention (1851-1853) ; Le général Desaix (1853) ; Histoire du Directoire (1855) ; Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc (1859).

Il épouse, en 1809 Césarine d’Houdetot, dont il a un fils, Prosper-Claude-Ignace-Constant Brugière de Barante (1816-1889), futur député et sénateur sous le Second Empire et la Troisième République.


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