16 novembre 1836
20 avril 1908
Legoux (baron)
Legoux, Jules (1836-1908)
Émile Bernard Jules Legoux, né à Saint-Amand-Montrond le 16 novembre 1836 et mort à Bar-sur-Seine le 20 avril 1908, est un magistrat, homme de lettres et homme politique français. Il fut l'un des chefs du parti bonapartiste dans les années 1890.
Fils de Julien Camille Legoux (1802-1876), alors préfet de l'Aude, et de Laure Julie Alexandrine Monginet (v. 1816-1888), Jules Legoux, après des études au lycée Bonaparte, commence par suivre une carrière de magistrat : il est d'abord avocat attaché au parquet de la Cour impériale de Paris (1859), substitut du procureur à Sainte-Menehould (1862), puis à Épernay (1865), procureur impérial à Avallon (1869), puis à Corbeil (1869-1870), procureur de la République à Chartres (1876). Pendant la Guerre franco-prussienne de 1870, Legoux refuse de remplir ses fonctions de procureur impérial, malgré des menaces d'emprisonnement. En 1877, il est nommé chef de cabinet du garde des Sceaux François Pelletier dans l'éphémère gouvernement Gaétan de Rochebouët (23 novembre-13 décembre 1877).
En janvier 1881, il succède à Charles-François Pigeastre comme maire des Chapelles-Bourbon, village de Seine-et-Marne, où son beau-père a acquis le château et le domaine de Beaumarchais en 1870. C'est sous son mandat que l'actuelle mairie de la commune est élevée selon les plans de Jules Marmottin, architecte de Coulommiers. Legoux publie une monographie des Chapelles-Bourbon en 1886.
Militant bonapartiste, partisan du prince Victor, Jules Legoux poursuit une carrière politique en se présentant en 1887, aux élections municipales du 16e arrondissement de Paris, puis en 1889, aux élections législatives, dans la 2e circonscription de Troyes, où il soutient le général Boulanger.
En 1890, le baron Legoux succède au général du Barail à la présidence des comités impérialistes (puis « plébiscitaires ») de la Seine, structure où il était le délégué du prince Victor depuis juin 1889. En novembre 1894, il prend la direction d'un journal hebdomadaire, Le Plébiscite (auparavant Le Signal français, moniteur des comités impérialistes de France).
En 1899, il est inquiété lors de l'affaire Dreyfus, subissant une perquisition et un procès, puis il participe à une vaine tentative d'union des ligues nationalistes et monarchistes (21 juin 1899)
Sociétaire de l'Association des journalistes parisiens dès 1888, il collabore également, sous ses initiales ou sous divers noms de plume, à La Patrie, au Courrier du Pas-de-Calais, à L'Ordre, au Peuple français (1879), au Moniteur de la Semaine, au Révisionniste, au Petit caporal, à L'Aigle, à L'Appel au peuple, au Jockey et à L'Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux.
Outre ces articles de presse, il est aussi l'auteur de plusieurs saynètes et études de mœurs :
Cinq Ans après, saynète en prose, Paris, Ollendorff, 1883.
Lettre d'amour, saynète en prose, Paris, Ollendorff.
Monsieur mon Parrain, saynète, Paris, Ollendorff, 1883.
Le Prétexte, comédie en un acte en prose, Paris, Ollendorff, 1883.
Par Téléphone, saynète, Paris, Ollendorff, 1883.
Autour d'un Chapeau, saynète, Paris, Ollendorff, 1884-1908.
Panoplie : le Drapeau, les deux Clairons, le Casque, l’Épée, illustrations par M. Gérald, Paris, Ollendorff, 1884.
Les Propos d'un bourgeois de Paris, avant-propos de Robert Mitchell, Paris, Ollendorff, 1885.
Les Reflets, Paris, Ollendorff.
Histoire de la commune des Chapelles-Bourbon (Seine-et-Marne), Paris, P. Dupont, 1886.
Au Feu ! Récit héroïque, Paris, Ollendorff, 1887.
Pro Patria, Paris, P. Dupont, 1887.
Hommes et femmes ( Les Propos d'un bourgeois de Paris, 2e série), Paris, Ollendorff, 1888.
Où c'est tout bleu !, petit conte, Paris, J. Strauss, 1890.
Le baron Legoux épousa en 1864 Lucie Caroline Eugénie Chausson, qui composa un opéra sous le pseudonyme de Gilbert des Roches. Leur fille, Marguerite Juliette Marthe, née en 1865, épouse en 1888 Gabriel Yves Olivier Jean Marie, vicomte (puis comte) de La Poëze.
Jules Legoux meurt le 20 avril 1908 à Bar-sur-Seine. Il était commandeur de l'ordre du Médjidié et de l'ordre d'Isabelle la Catholique, grand officier du Nichan Iftikhar, chevalier des ordres de Saints-Maurice-et-Lazare, de Vasa et de Notre-Dame de Guadalupe.
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