27 octobre 1910
20 septembre 1995
René Zazzo est né à Paris le 27 octobre 1910. Fils de Vincent et de Marie-Berthe Theurillat mariés à Beaune (Côte-d'Or) en mars 1909, René s'est marié en mai 1936 avec Bianka Goldminc (1915-2007), dont trois garçons sont nés.
Après ses études secondaires, René Zazzo entreprend des études de philosophie à la Sorbonne, puis après son séjour aux États-Unis en 1933, auprès d’Arnold Gesell (1880-1961), il s’oriente vers la psychologie et devient Docteur ès lettres en 1958, avec sa thèse intitulée "Les jumeaux, le couple et la personne". Il étudie également à l'Université Columbia et à Yale (États-Unis). D'abord assistant d'Henri Wallon au Laboratoire de psychologie de l'enfant à l'École des hautes études supérieures de Paris (EPHE) en 1937, la même année il est chargé d’enseignement, puis nommé professeur en 1947, à l’institut de psychologie de l’université de Paris et à l’Institut national d’orientation professionnelle (INOP). En 1967, il est nommé professeur à la faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l’université de Paris à Nanterre (université Paris-X-Nanterre), poste qu’il occupe jusqu’à sa retraite en 1981, il est également directeur du Laboratoire de psychologie clinique à l'Hôpital Henri-Rousselle de 1940 à 1980.
Durant la seconde guerre mondiale, il entre dans la résistance active au sein du Front national universitaire, puis adhère au Parti communiste français (PCF). Après la Libération, René Zazzo reprend ses fonctions au laboratoire de psycho-biologie de l’enfant, dont il en devient directeur adjoint en 1947, et directeur en 1950.
Par ailleurs, il est membre du cabinet du ministère de l'Éducation de France, où il crée les premiers services de psychologie scolaire de France. René Zazzo est un psychologue français de renommée internationale dans le domaine de la psychologie infantile, à ce titre il a publié de nombreux ouvrages dans ce domaine, et il est aussi reconnu pour ses travaux sur la gémellité.
De 1942 à 1993, René Zazzo est l’auteur de nombreux ouvrages, notamment "Psychologie et marxisme : la vie et l’œuvre d’Henri Wallon" en 1975, et de multiples articles parus dans des revues spécialisées ou de vulgarisation, ainsi que de plusieurs films documentaires scientifiques entre 1973 et 1986. Membre de sociétés savantes consacrées à l’étude de la psychologie, des jumeaux et de la thérapie comportementale, il est également, à partir de 1950, directeur de la revue "Enfance".
Il a été fait docteurhonoris causade l’université libre de Bruxelles ainsi qu'à l’université de Sherbrooke au Québec (Canada), et professeur émérite de l'Université-Paris-X-Nanterre. René Zazzo décède le 20 septembre 1995 à Perros-Guirec (Côtes-d'Armor). En 2000 sa veuve, Bianka Zazzo, publie le récit autobiographique de sa vie sous le titre "Une mémoire pour deux".
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