11 janvier 1808
13 janvier 1872
Persigny, Duc de (1808-1872)
Fialin de Persigny (1808-1872)
Persigny, Comte de (1808-1872)
Persigny, Vicomte de (1808-1872)
Persigny, Jean-Gilbert-Victor Fialin (1808-1872 ; vicomte de)
Persigny, Victor de (1808-1872)
Persigny, Jean Gilbert Victor Fialin (1808-1872 ; duc de)
Jean Gilbert Victor Fialin, vicomte, comte puis duc de Persigny (1802-1872), nait à Saint-Germain-l’Espinasse, dans la Loire, le 11 janvier 1808 et meurt à Nice le 13 janvier 1872. Issu d’une famille de petite noblesse d’Ancien Régime, il entre à l’école de cavalerie de Saumur en 1826. Sorti major, il intègre le second régiment de Hussard avec le grade de maréchal des logis. Il prend part au mouvement insurrectionnel de juillet 1830 à Vannes où il arbore le drapeau tricolore.
Mis en congé de l'armée en 1831, il monte à Paris pour se lancer dans le journalisme. Il collabore à plusieurs journaux comme leCourrier français, leSpectateur Militaire. C'est à cette époque qu'il se présente sous le nom de vicomte de Persigny.
Il adhère au bonapartisme après la lecture duMémorial de Sainte-Hélèneet il fait profession de ses idées dans une brochure intituléel’Occident français(1834). Il rencontre en Suisse en 1835 le prince Louis-Napoléon dont il devient dès lors le compagnon et plus tard l'aide de camp. Il tente en 1836 de soulever la garnison de Strasbourg et en 1840 celle de Boulogne-sur-mer. Condamné à vingt ans de détention, interné à Doullens, il est renvoyé, malade, en 1843 à l’hôpital de Versailles dont la Révolution de 1848 vient le sortir.
En 1848, il dirige la campagne qui amène à l'élection et à la présidence de Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte. Nommé aide de camp du prince, il se fait appeler comte de Persigny et est élu député à la Législative en 1849. Lors du coup d’État du 2 décembre 1851, il conduit le 42e de ligne, chargé de la prise du Palais Bourbon, ce qui ouvre les portes du pouvoir à Louis-Napoléon. Ministre de l’Intérieur de janvier 1852 à avril 1854, avec le portefeuille de l’Agriculture et du Commerce, il se montre audacieux et ambitieux en économie, autant qu’en politique intérieure, il préside à la naissance du Crédit immobilier et encourage une politique d’investissements publics financés par l’emprunt, ce qui le met en opposition avec les financiers traditionnels.
Persigny est ensuite nommé sénateur (31 décembre 1852), ambassadeur à Londres (1855-1858, 1859-1860), membre du Conseil privé (1er février 1858). Président du conseil général de la Loire, de 1848 à 1870, on lui doit le percement du canal du Forez, la création de la société historique et archéologique du Forez, la Diana, la mise en place d’un fonds de secours pour les victimes des débordements de la Loire, la poursuite de l’essor industriel du département, le transfert de la Préfecture de Montbrison à Saint-Étienne.
Appelé de nouveau au ministère de l’Intérieur (24 novembre 1860-23 juin 1863), il exerce une violente pression lors des élections de 1863 et doit démissionner.
Élevé au rang de duc de Persigny en 1863, il renonce à la vie politique, après le 4 septembre 1870.
En 1852, il épouse Eglé Ney de la Moskowa, petite-fille du maréchal Ney.
LesMémoiresde Persigny ont été publiés en 1896 par Henri de Laire d’Espagny, son secrétaire.
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