XVIe siècle
XVIIIe siècle
Bausset de Roquefort (famille de)
Beausset de Roquefort (famille de)
Bausset-Roquefort (famille de)
Beausset-Roquefort (famille de)
Bausset (famille de ; 1501-1800)
Les Bausset sont une famille de la noblesse française subsistante. Anciennement établie en Provence, où elle est anoblie au XVIe siècle, elle porte « d’azur à un chevron d’or accompagné en chef de deux étoiles d’argent et en pointe d’un rocher de six coupeaux du même mouvant de la pointe de l’eau ». La famille s’élève au XVIIIe siècle et sa descendance nombreuse donne des officiers militaires et plusieurs prélats. Elle est alliée aux Arcussia, Armand de Mison, Audiffret, Barbentane, Bombelles, Cipières, Clapiers, Félix, Jarente, Lacuée de Cessac, Lombard-Castellet, Thomassin de Saint-Paul (eux-mêmes alliés aux Aymard et aux Marbeuf), Valory et Villeneuve.
Originaire d’Aubagne, Pierre Bausset fait fortune à Marseille dans le négoce et le trafic de mer au milieu du XVIe siècle, ce qui lui permet d’acquérir la seigneurie de Roquefort en 1569. Ses fils Nicolas et François sont à l’origine de deux branches.
Nicolas de Bausset-Roquefort (mort en 1597), auteur de la branche aînée, est valet de chambre de Henri III et gouverneur du château d’If, dans la rade de Marseille. Joseph Charles de Bausset-Roquefort (mort en 1719) et Marguerite de Cabre de Thomassin, ont trois fils : Michel de Bausset-Roquefort (1689-1757) inaugure le rameau des marquis de Bausset-Roquefort ; Joseph Bruno de Bausset-Roquefort (1702-1771) est évêque de Béziers ; Pierre de Bausset-Roquefort (1703-1794), gouverneur de Pondichéry, donne naissance au rameau des comtes de Sauvian établi en Inde et en Languedoc.
Dans le rameau des marquis de Bausset-Roquefort, Michel a pour fils Emmanuel François de Bausset-Roquefort (1731-1802), évêque de Fréjus et agent général du clergé de France. Le neveu de celui-ci, Pierre François Gabriel Ferdinand de Bausset-Roquefort (1757-1829), est, à son retour d’émigration, évêque de Vannes, baron de l’Empire, puis archevêque d’Aix, Arles et Embrun et comte et pair de France (1825). Cette branche des marquis de Bausset-Roquefort se poursuit jusqu’à nos jours avec : Jean Gabriel Brutus, marquis de Bausset-Roquefort (1798-1879), président du Tribunal supérieur de la principauté de Monaco, qui épouse Françoise de Valory (1811-1880) ; Joseph Gaston Ferdinand, marquis de Bausset-Roquefort (1841-1906), qui fait carrière dans la Marine jusqu’au rang de contre-amiral ; Pierre, marquis de Bausset-Roquefort (1893-1982), qui épouse Mahaut de Béthune-Sully (1901-1981).
Au rameau des comtes de Sauvian se rattachent : Louis François de Bausset-Roquefort (1748-1824), évêque d’Alais au moment de la Révolution, président du conseil royal de l’Instruction publique (1815), puis pair de France (1815), membre de l’Académie française (1816), duc et cardinal (1817), ministre d’État (1821), qui laisse, entre autres ouvrages, une Histoire de Fénelon (1808-1809) et une Histoire de Bossuet (1814) ; et Louis François Joseph de Bausset-Roquefort (1770-1833), baron d’Empire (1810), préfet du Palais et chambellan de Napoléon Ier et surintendant du Théâtre-français, mort sans postérité subsistante.
Auteur de la branche cadette, François de Bausset a pour fils Nicolas de Bausset, lieutenant général à Marseille à la fin du XVIe siècle. Sa descendance compte notamment, au milieu du XVIIIe siècle, Mathieu Nicolas, dit « le marquis de Bausset » (1724-1767), officier des galères, ministre plénipotentiaire auprès de l’électeur de Cologne puis de Catherine II, impératrice de Russie. L’un de ses frères, Antoine Hilarion, dit « le chevalier de Bausset » (1725-1790), est officier général de marine pendant la guerre d’indépendance des États-Unis, lieutenant général des armées navales (1784), commandeur de l’ordre de Saint-Louis et président du Conseil de la marine ; l’autre, Hippolyte Louis de Bausset († 1790), lieutenant-colonel du régiment de grenadiers et major du fort Saint-Jean à Marseille. Cette branche cadette s’éteint en ligne masculine avec François Louis Nicolas, marquis de Bausset (1764-1841), fils de Mathieu Nicolas, officier d’infanterie sous l’Ancien Régime, et député des Bouches-du-Rhône sous la Restauration (1815-1816 et 1820-1830).
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