Vilnius University is the oldest university in the Baltics, one of the oldest in Northern Europe.

It was established on the 1^st of April 1579, in Vilnius, when the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Stephanus Bathory signed the Charter conferring to Vilnius College the status of University and Academy.

In the image:

Pope Gregory XIII Bull Confirming the Establishment of the University of Vilnius, issued in Rome on 30 October 1579

Repository name: Lithuanian State Historical Archives
Item reference: LVIA F.787, in.1, №.4.

Parchment. 845 x 637 mm.

The preface of the privilege stated that

"it is acknowledged by all peoples of all countries to be the duty of the kings and princes not only to rule their commonwealth with justice at home, defend her with might abroad and govern everywhere with prudence and moderation but also much more to instruct, endow and enlighten their realm..".

Branches of study were enumerated: theology, philosophy and the liberal arts

On 30 October 1579 year Pope Gregory XIII issued a Bull, granting to Vilnius College university privileges, and declaring it independent from Bishopric, Metropolitan, and secular powers.

The School for High Studies was named "Academia et Universitas Vilnensis Societatis Jesu" (the Vilnius Academy and University of Society of the Jesus).

The Academy became the intellectual centre of Lithuania, where Catholic clergymen, scientists, and teachers studied.

A lead seal (38 mm) is attached on a string.

The obverse depicts the heads of Sts. Peter and Paul and the Cross and contains the inscription: S, P, A and S, P, E.

The reverse contains the words: Gregorivs papa XIII.