1913-10-22
1954-05-25
Capa, Robert
Capa, Robert, 1913-1954
Capa, Robert, 1913-1954
Capa, Robert, 1913-1954
Robert Capa
Robert Capa
Robert Capa (1913-1954)
Robert Capa (1913-1954)
Friedmann, Endre
Friedmann, Endre Enrö (1913-1954)
Friedmann, Andre (1913-1954)
Friedmann, Andrés (1913-1954)
Friedmann, Endre Enrö (1913-1954)
He was a Hungarian photographer. He was born in Budapest on October 22nd 1913 and he died in Thai Binh (Vietnam) on May 25th 1954. His real name was Endre Enrö Friedmann and he was Jewish.
In 1930, when he was only 17, he was ejected from Hungary and he went to Berlin in order to start university. In Berlin, he also worked as film assistant. In 1933, when Adolph Hitler took power, he left Germany and he traveled around Central Europe. He arrived to France and he settled in Paris, where he started to work under the name of “Andrés Friedmann". He started to work for the French magazine “Vu” and “Regards”. In 1936, he stopped using the name “Andrés Friedmann” to sign his work and he started to use the pseudonym “Robert Capa”. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil War he moved to Spain with his girlfriend Gerda Taro who was a photographer too. There is evidence of his membership to the register of photographers of the Defense Committee of Madrid during the Spanish Civil War. In this moment, he started to stand out as a war correspondent for the American magazine “Life”. He documented the battle of Brunete during the first months of the conflict. From this period, it is worth remembering the paradigmatic picture “Death of a republican Soldier”. In 1938, he went to china in order to document the Japanese invasion and then he came back to Spain in 1939 for the fall of Barcelona and the end of the Second Spanish Republic. During World War II, he kept working for “Life” and documented the war in Africa, Sicily and Italy in general. From this specific moment, it is worth remembering his photographs of the Normandy Landings (1945), which are a graphic journal/representation of this historical event. In 1947, Capa, together with other photographers such as Herni Cartier-Bresson, David Seymour (Chim), George Rodger and Bill Vandiver, co-founded the “Magnum Photos”, the first international agency of freelance photographers. One year later, he went to Palestine (1948) and he kept directing the works of the new members and selling his photographic reports to several international magazines.In 1954, he arrived in Vietnam in order to document the violence of the War in Indochina and here he died because of a land mine on May 25th.
Fotógrafo húngaro. Nace en Budapest (Hungría) el 22 de octubre de 1913, muere en Thai Binh (Indochina, actual Vietnam) el 25 de mayo de 1954. Robert Capa, cuyo verdadero nombre es Endre Enrö Friedmann nace en el seno de una familia judía.
En 1930 con 17 años es expulsado de Hungría y se marcha a Berlín a iniciar sus estudios universitarios, en esta época trabajó como asistente de cine. En 1933 tras el ascenso de Adolf Hitler al poder, huye de Alemania. Viaja por Europa Central, recala en Francia, asentando su residencia en París, donde pasa a ejercer su profesión bajo la denominación de "Andrés Friedmann". Este fotógrafo es el que empieza a trabajar para las revistas francesas "Vu" y más adelante "Regards". En 1936 por circunstancias varias deja de utilizar como firma de sus trabajos "Andrés Friedmann" para utilizar el seudónimo de "Robert Capa" por el cual será más conocido. Al iniciarse la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1939) pasa a España con su compañera, la también fotógrafa, Gerda Taro. Se tiene constancia de su filiación en el fichero de fotógrafos de la Junta Delegada de Defensa de Madrid durante la Guerra Civil española. Es en esta etapa donde empieza a destacar como corresponsal gráfico de guerra para el seminario gráfico estadounidense "Life" (1936-1972). Dejó constancia de la batalla de Brunete, de los frentes de Huesca y Madrid durante los primeros meses de la contienda. De este periodo cabe mencionar su paradigmática fotografía "Muerte de un soldado republicano". En 1938 viajó a China, para cubrir la información de la invasión japonesa, para más tarde volver a la contienda española en el año 1939 y plasmar la caída de Barcelona y el final de la II República. Durante la II Guerra Mundial siguió trabajando en la revista "Life" y plasmó la tragedia de la guerra en diversos escenarios en África, Sicilia e Italia, sobresaliendo de esta época la serie de fotografías realizadas del Desembarco aliado de Normandía (1945), las cuales se han convertido en todo un memorable documento gráfico de dicho acontecimiento. En 1947 Capa, junto con otros fotógrafos como Henri Cartier-Bresson, David Seymour (Chim), George Rodger, Bill Vandiver funda la "Magnum Photos", primera agencia internacional de fotógrafo free-lance (independiente). Un año después marcha a Palestina (1948) y sigue dirigiendo los trabajos de los nuevos miembros y vendiendo sus reportajes gráficos a diversas revistas internacionales. En 1954 llegó a Vietnam para captar los horrores de la Guerra de Indochina, donde murió al pisar una mina antipersonas el 25 de mayo de ese mismo año.
Robert Capa.
Photographe hongrois. Il naît le 22 octobre 1913 à Budapest (Hongrie) et il meurt le 25 mai 1954 à Thai Binh (Indochine, actuel Vietnam).
Robert Capa, dont le vrai nom est Endre Enrö Friedmann naît au sein d¿une famille juive. En 1930, à 17 ans, il est expulsé d¿Hongrie et se rend à Berlin pour commencer ses études universitaires. À cette époque, il travaille comme assistant de cinéma. En 1933, après l¿arrivée au pouvoir d¿Adolf Hitler, il quitte l¿Allemagne. Il voyage en Europe centrale, atterrit en France et s¿installe à Paris, où il exerce sa profession sous le nom de « Andrés Friedmann ». Ce photographe est celui qui commence à travailler pour les revues françaises « Vu » et plus tard « Regards ». En 1936, pour de nombreuses raisons, il arrête d¿utiliser « Andrés Friedmann » comme signature de ses travaux pour utiliser le pseudonyme de « Robert Capa » avec lequel il sera plus connu.
Lorsque commence la guerre civile espagnole (1936-1939), il se rend en Espagne avec sa partenaire, aussi photographe, Gerda Taro. Son appartenance aux fichiers des photographes de la Junta Delegada de Defensa de Madrid durant la guerre civile espagnole a été constatée. C¿est lors de cette étape qu¿il commence à se faire remarquer en tant que correspondant photographique de guerre pour le séminaire graphique des États-Unis « Life » (1936-1972). Il enregistre la bataille de Brunete, les fronts de Huesca et Madrid durant les premiers mois de la bataille. Il faut mentionner sa photo paradigmatique « Mort d¿un soldat républicain » de cette époque.
En 1938, il voyage en Chine afin de couvrir l¿information sur l¿invasion japonaise, pour revenir plus tard à la bataille espagnole durant l¿année 1939 et refléter la chute de Barcelone et de la Seconde République. Lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il continue de travailler pour la revue « Life » et il y reflète la tragédie de la guerre lors de divers scénarios en Afrique, Sicile et Italie, la série de photographies du Débarquement allié en Normandie (1945) se distinguant de cette époque. Ces photographies deviennent alors un document graphique mémorable de cet évènement.
En 1947, Capa, en compagnie d¿autres photographes comme Henri Cartier-Bresson, David Seymour (Chim), George Rodger, Bill Vandiver fonde la « Magnum Photos », première agence internationale de photographe free-lance (indépendant). Un an après, il se rend en Palestine (1948) et se dédie en même temps à diriger les travaux des nouveaux membres et à vendre ses reportages graphiques à diverses revues internationales.
En 1954, il arrive au Vietnam pour capturer les horreurs de la guerre d¿Indochine, mais il meurt le 25 mai de cette même année en marchant sur une mine antipersonnel.
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