1884
1942
Ants Piip sündis 28. veebruaril 1884. a. Viljandimaal Tuhalaane vallas põllutöölise peres. 1893.-1896. a. õppis ta Piiskopi õigeusu vallakoolis, Tuhalaane kihelkonnakoolis ja Viljandi õigeusu kihelkonnakoolis. 1899. a. õnnestus tal astuda Kuldiga Balti kooliõpetajate seminari, kus õppetöö oli maksuta. Kooli lõpetas ta 1903. a. algkooliõpetaja kutsega. Kaheaastase töötamise järel Aluksne õigeusu kihelkonnakoolis asus ta 1905. a. Kuressaarde. Seal õpetas ta ühe aasta õigeusu kihelkonnakoolis ja seejärel sai koha Kuressaare Merekooli. 1908. a. andis A. Piip Kuresaare Gümnaasiumi juures eksternina küpsuseksamid ja astus samal aastal Peterburi Ülikooli Õigusteaduskonda. Õppimise ajal jätkas A. Piip tunniandmist ka merekoolis. 1912. a. õppis A. Piip suvesemestri Berliini Ülikoolis. Lõpetamise järel 1913. a. jäeti A. Piip stipendiaadina rahvusvahelise õiguse kateedri juurde. 1916. a. sügisel tegi ta magistri eksami ja 1917. a. omistati talle eradotsendi kutse.
1917. a. algas A. Piibu laialdane ühiskondlik ja poliitiline tegevus. 1916. a. formaalselt mobiliseerituna töötas ta Sõjaministeeriumi Sõjakohtu Peavalitsuses sõjakohtu reformimise komisjonis. 1917. a. oli A. Piip Siseministeeriumi rahvusdepartemangu Balti osakonna juhataja. Selle kõrval tegutses A. Piip ka kodumaal ja valiti Eesti Ajutisse Maanõukogusse Viljandimaa saadikuna. 20. novembril 1917 määrati ta Maanõukogu esindajaks välismaal, 25. veebruaril 1918 saadikuks Inglismaale.
Jõudnud 1918. a. aprillis koos mõnede teiste Eesti välisdelegatsiooni liikmetega Inglismaale, alustas A. Piip kohe aktiivset tegevust Eesti Vabariigi tunnustamiseks, saavutades esimese olulise tähise sel teel: 3. mail 1918 tunnustas Suurbritannia valitsus Eesti Maanõukogu kui eesti rahva esindajat kuni rahukonverentsi kokkukutsumiseni. Alates 1918. a. sügisest oli A. Piip pingelises töös Eesti Vabariigile välisabi muretsemisel, kõikvõimalike välissidemete loomisel ja Eesti vabariigi de facto ja de jure tunnustamisel. Detsembris 1918 nimetati A. Piip Eesti rahvussaatkonna liikmeks Pariisi rahukonverentsile. Oktoobris-novembris oli A. Piip välisministri kohusetäitja ja võttis järgnevalt osa rahuläbirääkimistest Nõukogude Venemaaga ja Tartu rahu sõlmimisest.
I Riigikogu liikmeks valiti A. Piip Tööerakonna esindajana Saaremaalt. 20. okt. 1920. a. kinnitas Riigikogu A. Piibu pea- ja sõjaministriks Tööerakonna moodustatud üheparteivalitsuses.
20. detsembrist 1920. a. oli A. Piip vastavalt kehtima hakanud põhiseadusele Eesti Vabariigi esimene riigivanem. Selles ametis oli A. Piip veidi enam kui kuu. 25. jaanuaril 1921 nimetati ta välisministriks, kellena töötas kuni 29. nov.1922. a. Sel Eesti Vabariigile diplomaatiliselt aktiivsel ajajärgul oli A. Piip muuhulgas Eesti delegatsiooni juhataja Rahvasteliidus ja võttis osa kõigist Balti riikide, Soome ja Poola rahukonverentsidest.
K. Pätsi kabineti errumineku järel määrati A. Piip Tartu Ülikooli professori kohusetäitjaks. Esmakordselt oli ta selleks nimetatud juba 1919. a. 1924. a. nimetati A. Piip Tartu Ülikooli korraliseks professoriks rahvusvahelise õiguse alal. Vahepeal, 3. nov. 1923 oli A. Piip nimetatud Eesti Vabariigi saadikuks USAs. 15. dets.1925. astus ametisse J. Teemandi kabinet, milles A. Piip sai uuesti välisministri portfelli. Ametikohuseid asus ta täitma jaanuari keskel, kuid juba 23. juulil toimus valitsuse vahetus. Järgnevail aastail töötas A. Piip Tartu Ülikoolis professorina, lugedes lisaks rahvusvahelisele õigusele ka kaubandusõigust (1923-1938). Trükist ilmusid tema esimesed õpikud. A. Piibu autoriteedist rahvusvahelise õiguse eriteadlasena annab tunnistust sellest tema mõnede ametite loetelu: Tartu Prantsuse Instituudi president 1929, Eesti-Läti Ühingu esimees 1932, Balti riikide koostööbüroo esimees 1935-1937, Eesti Pan-Euroopa Ühingu esimees 1929, Välissuhete Ühingu esimees 1922, Rahvusvahelise Vaimse Koostöö Ühingu Eesti Komitee esimees 1937, Akadeemilise Õigusteaduse Ühingu esimees. 1930-1939 oli A. Piip Tartu Ülikooli Akadeemilise Kohtu esimees. Tihedad olid A. Piibu sidemed ka mitmesuguste rahvusvaheliste organisatsioonidega. 1932. a. pidas A. Piip loenguid Kalifornia Ülikooli suvesemestril.
Poliitilisse tegevusse sekkus A. Piip uuesti aktiivsemalt 1933. a., mil ta oli maist oktoobrini J. Tõnissoni valitsuses välisminister. Suvel koostas ta põhiseaduse muutmise kava, mida ei rakendatud. 1936. a. võttis A. Piip osa nelja endise riigivanema märgukirja koostamisest seoses Rahvuskogu valimistega.
Rahvuskogusse kuulus A. Piip kui Tartu Ülikooli esindaja. 1938. aastast oli A. Piip Riigivolikogu liige Tartu valimisringkonnast, kuuludes demokraatlikku rühmitusse. 1939. a. oktoobris kutsus J. Uluots A. Piibu oma valitsusse välisministriks.
28.septembril 1939 võttis A. Piip osa Eesti ja NSV Liidu vastastikuse abistamise pakti sõlmimisest.
21. juunil 1940 oli A. Piip sunnitud välisministri kohalt lahkuma. Oktoobris ta vallandati Tartu Ülikkolist. A. Piip arreteeriti 1941. a. juunis ja suri 1. oktoobril 1942 Nõrobi vangilaagris Põhja-Uraalides (Molotovi (Permi) obl).
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