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Inventaris

1794-1964

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Nederland
Stadsarchief Rotterdam

Finding aid sub-groups

2012
Gemeentearchief Rotterdam

Physical description

1.1 meter

General remarks

Het gehele archief is zonder beperkingen voor ieder ter inzage.

Other descriptive information

Inleiding

In het laatste kwart van de achttiende eeuw hebben leden van de familie De Koker in Rotterdam twee hofjes gesticht; een nog al ongebruikelijk verschijnsel als men bedenkt dat Rotterdam tot dat moment slechts één hofje rijk was: het in 1609 gestichte hofje van Van der Veeken. Stichtte Gerrit de Koker in 1784 het naar hem genoemde hofje aan de Goudsesingel, zijn twee nichten de zusters Alida en Maria de Koker hadden twee jaar tevoren eveneens het vrome plan opgevat om een deel van hun kapitaal te bestemmen voor de huisvesting van oudere vrouwen. Het geld voor beide hofjes was verdiend in dezelfde branche: de drogisterij en de handel in drogerijen en verfstoffen.

Alida en Maria de Koker passeerden op 30 juli 1782 voor notaris Westerbaan een mutueel testament waarin zij een bedrag van fl. 30.000 reserveerden voor de bouw van een hofje. De rest van het kapitaal zou na de dood van beide dames voor de helft aan het hofje komen, voor de andere helft aan een nicht en neven van de kant van moeder Anna de Lannoy. Het vruchtgebruik van het voor het hofje bestemde geld werd voor hun leven lang toe gewezen aan de neven en nicht Gerrit, Pieter en Yda de Koker.

Op 21 september 1782 werkten de dames in een codicil hun ideeën verder uit: het hofje moest zo mogelijk op een goede stand in de stad gebouwd worden, anders even er buiten, en bestaan uit 30 of 35 huisjes; het overblijvende geld moest aan de bewoonsters besteed worden door middel van uitdelingen van turf, brood, boter of geld. Als de regenten het nodig zouden vinden het hofje een naam te geven zouden zij bijvoorbeeld kunnen kiezen 'Uit Liefde en Voorzorg'. De dames willen niet dat hun naam eraan gegeven wordt. Het hofje zal openstaan voor christenen van alle gezindten, met enige voorkeur voor collegianten, remonstranten en doopsgezinden. Ook de regenten moeten uit deze denominaties gekozen worden.

Na het overlijden van Maria op 3 oktober 1783 heeft Alida nog herhaalde malen aanwijzingen gegeven over de bestemming van haar geld. Interessant is haar mededeling van 8 februari 1786dat de te bouwen woningen wat groter moeten zijn dan die in het inmiddels gebouwde hofje van neef Gerrit. Elk huisje moet een gootsteen en wat bergruimte hebben en vooral, de bedstee moet ruimer, zodat een groot en dik mens er met gemak in kan.

Als Alida op 14 augustus 1794 is overleden komen de executeurs, die tevens regenten zullen zijn, daags na de begrafenis op 19 augustus voor het eerst bijeen. Dan blijkt al snel dat ten gevolge van de economische omstandigheden het voor de bouw beschikbare kapitaal niet voldoende is om volledig aan de verlangens van de oprichtsters te voldoen. Na rechtskundig advies te hebben ingewonnen concluderen de executeurs dat de bepalingen over de opbouw van het hofje geen bindende kracht hebben; ze besluiten een hofje van 24 woningen te bouwen, één voor de opzichteres en 23 voor de eigenlijke bewoonsters. Grond wordt gevonden aan de Schiedamsesingel even buiten de stad; het is de buitenplaats Concordia van wijlen burgemeester Johan Hendrik van der Does, die op 17 januari 1795 voor fl. 11.000 aan executeuren wordt overgedragen. De bouw vindt plaats onder leiding van baas-timmerman Jan Wap, het metselwerk wordt aangenomen door L. van Waasdijk. Op 5 oktober 1795 wordt een opzichteres aangesteld; omstreeks die datum zal de bouw dus wel voltooid zijn.

De inwoonsters mogen bij hun opname niet ouder zijn dan 68 jaar, ze moeten redelijk gezond en niet armlastig zijn. Als ze te zeer hulpbehoevend worden moeten ze het hofje verlaten. Regenten geven wel in natura of geld tegemoetkomingen in de kosten van levensonderhoud, ook wel medische verzorging, doch dit alles is afhankelijk van de financiële positie die meestal niet bijzonder veel toelaat. Ook het in 1815 ontvangen legaat van fl. 10.000 van Yda de Koker, bedoeld om de inwoonsters de moeilijke wintermaanden door te helpen, heeft weinig soelaas kunnen brengen.

Het regentencollege vulde zich zelf aan. Wanneer een nieuwe regent was benoemd, werd onmiddellijk een opvolger gekozen voor de eerstkomende vrije plaats; de gekozene werd echter pas aangezocht wanneer inderdaad een plaats was vrijgekomen. In de benoemingsprocedure zijn in de loop der tijden wel veranderingen gekomen. Zo werd door het verdwijnen der collegianten in 1834 bepaald dat het college voortaan zou bestaan uit twee remonstranten en een doopsgezinde. In de twintigste eeuw schijnen de echtgenoten der regenten een deel van de taken te hebben overgenomen. Voor de dagelijkse gang van zaken was de opzichteres samen met haar man verantwoordelijk; later is daar een verpleegster bij gekomen, totdat een verpleegster tevens de functie van opzichteres verkreeg.

Het gebouw is in het laatste kwart van de negentiende eeuw niet meer in goede conditie. Als er in 1887 plannen komen om de aan grenzende blekerij in verband met een bebouwing op te hogen, verwachten regenten een toenemende wateroverlast en willen daarom de mogelijkheid van nieuwbouw onderzoeken. Het duurt echter nog tot 1902 voordat die plannen serieuzer ter hand genomen worden. De architect Gerrit Pelt ontwerpt dan een nieuw hofje en krijgt opdracht een geschikt terrein te zoeken, dat wordt gevonden aan de Voorschoterlaan. Voor ruim fl. 35.000 verwerft men dit. De firma Van Hattem & Zn neemt de bouw aan voor fl. 57.030. De bouw is in juni 1904 voltooid, midden september daaraanvolgend vindt de verhuizing plaats. Daar het oude hofje voor fl. 125.000 verkocht kon worden is de verhuizing financieel niet onvoordelig geweest.

Het archief van het hofje is helaas niet ongeschonden gebleven bij het bombardement in de meidagen van 1940. Gelukkig is er van het oudste gedeelte veel gespaard gebleven. In 1973 hebben regenten van het hofje dat inmiddels de stichtingsvorm heeft aangenomen het archief in bewaring gegeven aan de gemeentelijke archiefdienst. Met uitzondering van de stukken die jonger zijn dan 25 jaar is het thans openbaar..

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