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Commissie ten behoeve van de Kanalisatie van Berkel en Regge, 1861 – 1877

1861-1877 Reference: 1356

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Nederland
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers

Finding aid sub-groups

H.A.C. Marsman-Slot
2021
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers
Nederlands

Physical description

0,50

General remarks

#guid

044B7EE1BBD441E7B79856CA5A1BE654

Raadpleegbaarheid

Voor het inzien van stukken uit de archieven van het Waterschap Rijn en IJssel dient u de stukken vooraf te reserveren. Dat doet u door een stuk aan te vragen via de 'reactie-knop' bij de beschrijving. Binnen uiterlijk 2 werkdagen ontvangt u een reactie per mail waarin wordt aangegeven wanneer het stuk is in te zien in de studiezaal. In de regel zal dat ongeveer een week na de aanvraag zijn. Vragen? info@ecal.nu of tel. 0314 787078

Toegang

Inventaris

Other descriptive information

Oprichting en opheffing

Het was in de 19e eeuw met de waterbeheersing in het stroomgebied van de Berkel miserabel gesteld. Molenaars hielden het water bij hun molens zo lang mogelijk vast. Als ze het eindelijk gingen lossen deden ze dit vaak zo laat, dat overstromingen niet meer konden uitblijven.
Anderzijds stond de Berkel soms-vooral 's zomers-over grote lengten praktisch droog en dit was weer een doorn in het oog van de schippers.

Provinciale Staten van Gelderland hadden W.C.A. (Willem) Staring, zoon van de dichter en broer van de geoloog, gevraagd rapport uit te brengen over de toestand van de Berkel. In dit rapport, dat in 1845 verscheen, zette hij uiteen hoe slecht het met de Berkel gesteld was en droeg hij adviezen aan voor een eventuele verbetering [NOTE Archief Waterschap van de Berkel 1882-1936, inv. nr. 369] .
Staring adviseerde o.a. tot oprichting van een waterschap over te gaan. Toen Gedeputeerde Staten met dit voorstel in de Statenvergadering kwamen leidde dit tot een storm van protest uit het gebied. Het resultaat was dat Staring's plannen in het archief werden opgeborgen [NOTE Zie verder: de Jong, Marsman-Slot en Schroven] .

Er kwamen initiatieven uit geheel andere hoek. Bij circulaire van 20 juli 1861 nodigden mr. J.E.H. baron van Nagell, burgemeester van Laren en Q.G.N. Heereman, zijn ambtgenoot van Neede, een aantal Gelderse en Overijsselse gemeenten uit voor een vergadering, om te praten over mogelijke kanalisatie van Berkel en Regge en verbetering van de ontwatering van het betrokken gebied.

Willem III gaf bij besluit van 1 mei 1862, nr. 77, toestemming aan de Gedeputeerde Staten van Gelderland en Overijssel, om de betrokken gemeenten te machtigen met elkaar in overleg te treden [NOTE B.v. Archief gemeente Lochem 1813-1936; ingekomen brieven 1862, verz. Nr. 135] .

Op 9 december 1862 kwamen "aan de Viersprong onder Markelo" [NOTE Inv. nr. 1 (vergadering d.d. 9 december 1862)] gecommitteerden van een aantal Gelderse en Overijsselse gemeenten bijeen, zij het dat nog niet alle afgevaardigden de officiële status van " gecommitteerde " bezaten.

De commissie hield eigenlijk al in 1873 op te functioneren, zij het dat zij een zieltogend bestaan heeft geleid tot 1877 (zie verder hoofdstuk IV-2).

Gebied

Bij die eerste vergadering waren afgevaardigden aanwezig van Zutphen, Warnsveld, Gorssel, Lochem, Laren, Borculo, Neede, Eibergen, Goor, Markelo, Diepenheim, Wierden, Haaksbergen en Enschede.
Een aantal gemeenten, waaronder Rijssen, Hellendoorn en Lonneker verscheen, ondanks een oproep, hetzij aanvankelijk niet, hetzij nimmer ter vergadering.
In 1869 zouden wel de gemeenten Ambt Almelo, Tubbergen en Weerselo tot het overleg toetreden.

Bestuur en bestuursinrichting

Alle bij de Berkel-Regge commissie aangesloten gemeenten wijzen een gecommitteerde in de algemene vergadering aan.

De gecommitteerden benoemen een commissie van zeven leden, die het dagelijks bestuur zal vormen. Vier leden komen uit Gelderland, de andere uit Overijssel.
In een later stadium is het bestuur met een lid uit Overijssel uitgebreid en is de voorzitter niet langer " bestuurslid uit haar midden ". Hierdoor komt het totaal aantal bestuursleden op negen.

Van Nagell is in de praktijk altijd voorzitter van de Berkel-Regge commissie gebleven, zij het dat hier in 1864 een reglementswijziging voor nodig was. In het reglement was namelijk opgenomen dat de voorzitter uit de leden van het bestuur gekozen diende te worden. Deze regel moest worden gewijzigd toen Van Nagell lid werd van het college van Gedeputeerde Staten van Gelderland en derhalve niet langer burgemeester van Laren kon blijven en dus geen afgevaardigde van deze gemeente.

Mr. C.J. Sickesz, later de eerste watergraaf van het Waterschap van de Berkel, [NOTE C.J. Sickesz is watergraaf van het Waterschap van de Berkel geweest van 1882 tot 1889 en van 1901 tot 1904.] werd in Van Nagell's plaats afgevaardigde van Laren. Sickesz zou later ook secretaris van de commissie worden.

Ook dit was volgens het reglement aanvankelijk niet mogelijk. Daarin stond dat de secretaris " buiten haar midden " benoemd diende te worden. Het was de gemeentesecretaris van Laren, W. Huender, die deze post het grootste gedeelte van de tijd dat de Berkel-Regge commissie bestond, zou bekleden.

Taak en uitvoering

Plan Stieltjes

De commissie verzocht ingenieur T.J. Stieltjes de nodige plannen op te stellen. Hij accepteerde de opdracht en bracht in 1871 rapport uit.

De kern van het plan Stieltjes was als volgt:
De Berkel zou van Zutphen tot Lochem zodanig gekanaliseerd moeten worden dat deze voor schepen van 100 tot 150 ton bevaarbaar zou zijn.
Schepen van dit tonnage zouden via een zijkanaal naar Almelo, het geplande en in 1904 ook inderdaad gereedgekomen, Kanaal Almelo-Nordhorn [NOTE Wittgen 58 e.v.] en vandaar de Eems moeten kunnen bereiken.
Ook Rijssen zou bereikbaar moeten zijn. Vandaar zou men dan weer via de Regge naar de Vecht kunnen varen.

De Berkel zou vanaf Lochem stroomopwaarts tot de Duitse grens alleen voor kleinere schepen-tot ca. 50 ton-bevaarbaar moeten zijn. Via zijkanalen zouden Neede en Haaksbergen bereikbaar moeten worden.

Het idee om van Eibergen of Rekken af Enschede en Lonneker per schip bereikbaar te maken heeft men al zeer spoedig laten varen. Deze plaatsen lagen zo hoog dat voor de realisatie kostbare sluizen noodzakelijk zouden zijn.

Resultaat van het plan Stieltjes

Het plan werd ingezonden bij de Minister van Binnenlandse Zaken. De Minister van Koloniën, tijdelijk belast met het Departement van Binnenlandse Zaken, keurde het bij missive van 5 juli 1872 [NOTE Inv. nr. 1 (vergadering d.d. 3 mei 1873) en inv. nr. 5 ingekomen brieven nr. 205] in grote lijnen goed.
De commissie nam op grond van jurisprudentie aan dat de Wet van 16 september 1807 nog van kracht was. Hieruit trok zij de conclusie dat " het maken van kanalen in verband gebragt met het oprigten van Waterschappen om de waterafvoer te bevorderen, niet kan plaats hebben ". [NOTE Zie memorie van toelichting, die in ca. 1877 bij het plan Stieltjes is gevoegd, inv. nr. 37]
Een oplossing meende men gevonden te hebben in het oprichten van twee waterschappen, één van de Regge en één van de Berkel.
Deze waterschappen zouden met de bij het verbeteren van de scheepvaartmogelijkheden belanghebbende gemeenten een maatschappij moeten oprichten ter bevordering van dit doel [NOTE Inv. nr. 1 (vergadering d.d. 3 mei 1873)] .

Al deze plannen werden naar de beide Gedeputeerde Staten gezonden. Gelderland ging akkoord. Overijssel niet. Deze provincie was van mening dat niet aan het totstandkomen van een waterschap mocht worden meegewerkt, omdat niet 2/3 van de betrokken grondeigenaren dat wenste.

Eigenlijk betekende dit reeds het eind van de commissie: de gecommitteerden van de gemeentebesturen meenden dat het mandaat dat hen voor het overleg was verleend, was vervallen [NOTE Inv. nr. 1 (vergadering d.d. 3 mei 1873)]

In 1877 kwam er nog een keer beweging in de zaak; op de begroting van de Tweede Kamer werd namelijk geld uitgetrokken voor verbetering van Berkel en Regge. De Minister van Binnenlandse Zaken verzocht de Commissaris des Konings in Gelderland te proberen de beide provinciale besturen alsnog op een lijn te krijgen. Overijssel volhardde in zijn standpunt: het zag niet in dat een Berkelverbetering c.a. deze provincie tot voordeel zou kunnen strekken.

Stieltjes' plannen werden in het archief opgeborgen.

Archief en verantwoording van de inventarisatie

Het archief van de Berkel-Regge commissie berust in de archiefbewaarplaats van het Waterschap van de Berkel te Lochem [NOTE Sinds de waterschapsfusie van 1997: in de archiefbewaarplaats van het Waterschap Rijn en IJssel te Terborg.] .

Omdat de commissie streefde naar oprichting van o.a. een Berkelwaterschap en omdat de zoon van de voorzitter (A.J. baron van Nagell) en de laatste secretaris van de commissie (Sickesz) dezelfde personen waren als resp. de tweede en de eerste watergraaf van het Waterschap van de Berkel is het begrijpelijk dat het archief van de commissie na de oprichting van het Waterschap van de Berkel in 1882 aan dit schap is overgedragen, zij het dat hier geen archiefstukken over zijn gevonden.

De indeling van de inventaris is ontleend aan het door prof. dr. J.L. van der Gouw opgestelde inventarisatieschema voor polder- en waterschapsarchieven.

Het archief van de commissie beslaat ca. 1 m en maakt een tamelijk volledige indruk, zij het dat van het plan Stieltjes zoals dat naar de beide betrokken Gedeputeerde Staten gezonden is geen compleet exemplaar is behouden voor het commissie-archief.

Het archief is eenvoudig toegankelijk.
De formeel gelijksoortige archiefbescheiden zijn tot series gerangschikt.
Er is een agenda op de ingekomen stukken, zij het dat deze na 15 augustus 1872 (ingekomen brief nr. 205) niet langer is bijgehouden.
Er is een aantal niet in de agenda opgenomen brieven van voor deze datum. Deze zijn thans tot een serie bij elkaar gevoegd.
Ook de na 15 augustus 1872 ingekomen brieven zijn, onder een apart inventarisnummer, chronologisch gerangschikt.

De volgorde van beschrijvingen in de rubrieken is chronologisch.

Als bijlage is een lijst van kaarten opgenomen. De daar onder nr. 5 opgenomen kaart (inv. nr. 42) dateert van na de opheffing van de commissie, maar heeft wel betrekking op het plan Stieltjes. Reden waarom deze kaart bij het commissiearchief is gelaten.

Literatuurlijst

(Jong, P.J. de). De Berkel beschouwd. Zutphen, 1982

Marsman-Slot, H.A.C. Inventaris van het archief van het Waterschap van de Berkel 1882-1936. Lochem, 1985

Schroven, B.H. " De Berkel-verbetering ". Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap. Jaargang 1899

Staring, W.C.A. Verslag over den toestand der Berkel en ontwerp tot verbetering van die rivier. Zutphen, 1845

Wittgen, A.B. " Schets van de ontwikkelingsgeschiedenis van het Twentse landschap " in: Vereniging Vrienden van Meester Bernink's Museum Natura Docet / Stichting Heemkunde Denekamp, uitg. Het Landschap van Twente. Denekamp, 1986

Keywords

Subjects:
Verkeer en Waterstaat

Record creator

Commissie ten behoeve van de Kanalisatie en Berkel en Regge

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This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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