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Polderdistrict Lijmers, 1838-1962

1838-1962 Reference: 1352

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Nederland
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers

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J.W. van Petersen
2021
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers
Nederlands

Physical description

24,625

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#guid

338F92EFD4BA4B3BB90E718AA6AABA97

Raadpleegbaarheid

Voor het inzien van stukken uit de archieven van het Waterschap Rijn en IJssel dient u de stukken vooraf te reserveren. Dat doet u door een stuk aan te vragen via de 'reactie-knop' bij de beschrijving. Binnen uiterlijk 2 werkdagen ontvangt u een reactie per mail waarin wordt aangegeven wanneer het stuk is in te zien in de studiezaal. In de regel zal dat ongeveer een week na de aanvraag zijn. Vragen? info@ecal.nu of tel. 0314 787078

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Inventaris

Other descriptive information

Ten geleide

Bij besluit van Provinciale Staten van Gelderland van 14 maart 1961 (Provinciaal Blad nr. 69 van 1 september 1961) werd per 1 januari 1962 in het leven geroepen het Polderdistrict Rijn en IJssel, en werden tegelijkertijd opgeheven:
- het Polderdistrict Lijmers;
- het Polderdistrict Baarbroeksche Dijk en Angerlosche Zomerdijken, en
- de buitenpolder Loerbeek, wier archieven ingevolge artikel 23 van genoemd besluit aan het nieuwe Polderdistrict
moesten worden overgedragen. De beschrijving van deze "oude archieven", met de eventuele gedeponeerde archieven vindt de gebruiker hierachter.

De ordening en inventarisatie van de archieven vond plaats in de jaren 1973-1975, waarbij wegens het grotendeels ontbreken van enige oorspronkelijke ordening te werk is gegaan naar analogie van andere, vergelijkbare polderarchieven.
De door de onderscheidene besturen ontvangen en hier en daar slechts fragmentarisch bewaard gebleven series Provinciale Bladen en Provinciale Aanschrijvingen zijn zo veel mogelijk verzameld tot twee min of meer complete series, en beschreven in het aanhangsel tot deze inventarisatie. De dubbelen alsmede zeer grote hoeveelheden andere vernietigbare stukken zijn verwijderd.

Huis Aerdt, december 1975.
J.W. van Petersen.

Inleiding

Op Onze Lieve Vrouwe Lichtmis (2 februari) van het jaar 1328 bezegelden de graven Reinoud van Gelre en Diederik van Kleef een landbrief voor de Liemers, in welke streek beide heren belangen hadden.
Uit deze akte blijkt dat de Liemers toen al voor een groot deel bedijkt was en dat de ontwatering door middel van een sluis bij Giesbeek plaatsvond.

Zowel dijken als weteringen werden beheerd volgens gewoonterecht. De landbrief bracht in die toestand verandering, in dier voege dat voortaan naar het (een jaar tevoren vastgelegde) dijkrecht van Betuwe zou worden gehandeld. Alle dijken in de Liemers, van Offlande (bij Babberich) tot Giesbeek, zouden onder dit dijkrecht vallen. Bovendien zouden nog twee sluizen worden aangelegd, en bijbehorende weteringen worden gegraven, waarvan de kosten morgentalsgewijs over de geërfden, met inbegrip van die uit het Graafschap Bergh (Westervoort ?) zouden worden omgeslagen.

Ook nadat de grenzen tussen het Gelderse en Kleefse gebied in de Liemers waren gefixeerd bleef de in 1328 in het leven geroepen polderorganisatie bestaan. Het bestuur van deze Liemerse Schouwpolder bestond uit een door de Kleefse overheid aangestelde dijkgraaf en zeven heemraden, waarvan er vijf het Kleefse Ambt Lijmers en twee de Gelderse gebieden (resp. de Heerlijkheid Westervoort en de Baronnie van Baer en Lathum) vertegenwoordigden. Later werd het bestuur uitgebreid met een drietal gedeputeerden uit de geërfden.
De geërfdendagen werden aanvankelijk op of omstreeks Sint Gertrudis (17 maart) in de kerk van Oud-Zevenaar gehouden, doch later verplaatst naar het stadhuis te Zevenaar.

In de jaren 1609-1614 heeft de Schouwpolder een eigen dijkrecht opgesteld, hetgeen echter niet van hogerhand werd goedgekeurd. Toch schijnt men later van een aantal artikelen daarvan gebruik gemaakt te hebben.
In 1643 bepaalde de Gelderse Landdag dat voortaan, althans in het Gelderse gedeelte, het in 1640 aan vier Betuwse bovenambten toegekende dijkrecht zou worden toegepast. Of men zich in het Kleefse deel hieraan heeft geconformeerd is niet bekend. In 1767 kwam daar tot stand het "Erneuertes Deich- Schau- Graben und Schleuszen Reglement", dat uitdrukkelijk ook voor de Lijmers van toepassing was.
Bij besluit van de geërfdendag van 10 juni 1771 werd bij meerderheid van stemmen besloten dit uitgebreide en voor die tijd moderne reglement, dat onder meer de dijkplicht afschafte, aan te nemen.

De Gelderse heren, wars als ze waren van dergelijke "nieuwigheden" hadden tegengestemd, en meenden dat een dergelijk ingrijpend besluit slechts met algemene stemmen had kunnen worden genomen.
Aangezien men nu van weerskanten allerlei reeds langer bestaande grieven naar voren gingen brengen, ontaardde een en ander in een formeel geschil, dat zijn hoogtepunt vond in het besluit van de geërfdendag van 1 juni 1772, tot algehele separatie van de Kleefse en Gelderse gebieden.

De Kleefse overheid die alle besluiten van de geërfdendag moest goedkeuren, weigerde echter haar fiat in dezen, en drong aan op overleg. In 1774 werd tenslotte overeenstemming bereikt over de kwestie, in dier voege dat voortaan in de Gelderse gebieden het Betuwse dijkrecht zou worden toegepast, en in het Kleefse deel het Kleefse recht. Bij de dagelijkse gang van zaken werd in de praktijk het Kleefse recht toegepast. Ook na de soevereiniteitsoverdracht van de Kleefse gebieden in 1816 bleef deze toestand bestaan (bevestigd bij K.B. d.d. 10 februari 1825 nr. 166).

Eerst de invoering van het "Reglement op het beheer der rivierpolders in de Provincie Gelderland" bracht hierin per 1 januari 1838 verandering. Ingesteld werd toen het Polderdistrict Lijmers, bestaande uit de voormalige Lijmerse polder en de voormalige dijkpolder Babberich en Holthuizen. Het district oefende toezicht uit over drie dorpspolders: " Lathum, Bahr en Giesbeek", " Geldersoord en Westervoort" en " Babberik, Holthuizen, Didam, voor zoover eenige landen er onder behooren".

Hoewel G.S. bij art. 7 van hun besluit van 15 december 1837 (Prov. Blad nr. 90) aan het districtsbestuur opdroegen om de archieven van "zoodanige polders, als welke gesupprimeerd en met eenen anderen polder vereenigd worden over te nemen", is dit blijkbaar met het archief van de Babberich-Holthuizense dijkpolder niet geschied. Over deze polder, die in ieder geval al in 1546 bestond [NOTE Inv. nr. 983, fol. 8 vo.] , is dan ook weinig bekend. Het bestuur ervan bestond sinds de invoering van het Kleefse reglement van 1767 uit een dijkgraaf en drie heemraden. Het erfdijkgraafschap was verbonden aan de havezate Camphuyzen. Op het gemeentearchief van Zevenaar berust een in 1778 door de gebroeders Friederich en Balthasar Loeffler vervaardigde " Carte von der Situation des Babberich und Holthausensen Schau Polders", waaruit blijkt dat de polder werd begrensd door Didams grondgebied, de Eltense heide, de Oude Rijnbandijk en de Oud-Zevenaarse Landweer. De zojuist genoemde bandijk schijnt echter maar voor een deel onder de schouw van deze polder gestaan te hebben.

In 1848 [NOTE Archief G.S. van Gelderland, inv. nr. 19 W 12/1] deelden de geërfden van de vroegere Babberich Camphuizense polder mede dat hun polder aan beide zijden door dijken van de Lijmers werd ingesloten, en " dat het bovenste gedeelte der dijken aan de Eltense heide tot de gecombineerde polder behoorde, dat de dijken van de Babberichse polder daarop beginnen en zoo wel boven het geslechte vak, waarin de overlaat in 1810 gelegd is, als beneden dit vak of overlaat voortliepen, om weder aan de dijken der Lijmers aan te sluiten ...".
In het oudste dijkboek van de Lijmers (inv. nr. 983) komt dit dijksgedeelte voor onder het hoofd " Palijck van Herden Schou". Blijkens aantekeningen in het zelfde boek werden in de jaren 1699 en 1700 bij wijze van limietscheiding stenen posten aan begin en einde van dit dijkstuk geplaatst.

In 1857 werd het grondgebied van het polderdistrict enigszins uitgebreid. Namelijk bij het besluit van Provinciale Staten d.d. 18 juli van dat jaar, waarbij werd besloten:
"1. de landen groot ongeveer 126 bunder die voor de aanleg van de Lijmersche overlaatkade buitendijks gelegen waren, die sedert de verhooging dier kade tot bandijkshoogte feitelijk een integrerend deel van het polderdistrict de Lijmers geworden zijn, in de circumscriptie van het polderdistrict Lijmers op te nemen, zonder nogtans de omschrijving van het district op staat A van het reglement op het beheer der rivierpolders te veranderen, en
2. te bepalen dat die landen op het kohier tot invoering van polderlasten zullen gebragt, doch niet in de lasten van genoemd polder-district aangeslagen worden.

Bij besluit van Provinciale Staten d.d. 16 juli 1936 (Provinciaal Blad nr. 47 van 17 februari 1937) onderging het grondgebied andermaal een vergroting, en wel de gronden in de zogenaamde "Geldersche Pley". Ook deze gronden (ca. 130 ha) werden niet in de lasten van het district betrokken.
Bij besluit van Provinciale Staten d.d. 10 juli 1953 (Provinciaal Blad nr. 183 van 12 oktober 1953) werden de dorpspolders alsmede de administratieve afdeling "Privatieve Lijmerse Polder" per 1 januari 1954 opgeheven, en bij het Polderdistrict Lijmers gevoegd, met dien verstande dat voor het gebied van de voormalige dorpspolder Babberik, Holthuizen, Didam een afzonderlijke administratieve afdeling met een eigen comptabiliteit werd gevormd.
De archieven van de opgeheven dorpspolders werden ingevolge artikel VI van genoemd besluit bij het archief van het district gedeponeerd.

Bij besluit van Provinciale Staten van 1 april 1957 (Provinciaal Blad nr. 39 van 2 mei 1958) werd de buitenpolder van Bahr en Lathum per 1 juli 1958 opgeheven, en als afzonderlijke buitenafdeling, genaamd "Lathumse Waarden", met een eigen comptabiliteit, bij het polderdistrict gevoegd.
Over de lotgevallen van het archief van het polderdistrict is weinig bekend. In 1755 besloot men "een kast alhier in het Raadhuijs maeken te laten, om daer in de schouwnaerigten en protocollen te conserveren".

Het archief schijnt dus, althans in de 18e eeuw bewaard te zijn op het stadhuis van Zevenaar, waar ook werd vergaderd. In de 19e eeuw werd de secretarie met het archief ondergebracht in een huis aan de Wittenburgstraat. De heer G.L. van den Helm, burgemeester van Batenburg, inventariseerde het archief in 1889, volgens het toen gebruikelijke alfabetische systeem. Vooral bij de stukken ouder dan de 19e eeuw bleken beschrijvingen en inhoud van dossiers en pakken nogal eens niet te kloppen. In 1920 werd een gebouw aan de Kerkstraat aangekocht en gedeeltelijk als secretarie annex archiefruimte ingericht. In 1955 werd dit pand verkocht, doch het door het polderdistrict gebruikte gedeelte bleef vooralsnog als zodanig in gebruik. In 1959 werd een gedeelte van het archief tijdelijk in de archiefbewaarplaats van de gemeente Zevenaar geplaatst, vanwaar het, enige jaren geleden, samen het overige deel, naar Huis Aerdt werd overgebracht.

Het lopende archief van de dorpspolder Babberich, Holthuizen, Didam is tijdens de laatste wereldoorlog verloren gegaan. In 1928 waren echter de stukken van vóór 1900 daterende overgedragen aan het districtsarchief, zodat dit oudste deel bewaard bleef. Het archief van de dorpspolder Geldersoord en Westervoort kon worden aangevuld met enige stukken die, wegens een cumulatie van functies, in het archief van de Ned. Herv. gemeente van Westervoort verzeild waren geraakt.

In 2016 zijn kaarten en foto's toegevoegd aan het archief toegevoegd onder de inventarisnummers 851-871.

Keywords

Subjects:
Verkeer en Waterstaat

Record creator

Polderdistrict Lijmers

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This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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