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Christelijke Basisschool de Hoeksteen te Gendringen, (1871) 1893 - 1985 (1996)

(1871) 1893 - 1985 (1996) Reference: 0738

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Nederland
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers

Finding aid sub-groups

P. Bresser
2021
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers
Nederlands

Physical description

0,875

General remarks

#guid

0F376260CECA4ED4A0503520B77C4BC7

Toegang

Inventaris

Gemeente

Oude IJsselstreek

Other descriptive information

Algemeen

Deze inventaris bevat beschrijvingen van de bestanddelen van een belangrijk deel van (de oorspronkelijke) archieven van schoolorganisaties die in 1985 samen de Christelijke Basisschool de Hoeksteen te Gendringen vormden. Welbeschouwd betreft het hierbij beschreven archief een uit meer archieven samengesteld geheel. In 1871 werd in het dorp Gendringen de Evangelische Bewaar-, Naai en Breischool opgericht, een stichting die overging in de Evangelische Kleuterschool. Met het tot stand komen van de wet op de basisscholen in 1985 ging deze kleuterschool met de Christelijk Nationale School op in de Protestants Christelijke Basisschool 'de Hoeksteen' te Gendringen. De archieven van deze scholen werden daarmee ook samengevoegd. De in deze inventaris beschreven archiefstukken zijn alle laatstelijk afkomstig uit het schoolgebouw van de basisschool 'de Hoeksteen' aan de Oosterstraat te Gendringen.

De Christelijk Nationale School, sinds 1985 Christelijke Basisschool De Hoeksteen

De oudst overgeleverde informatie over de Christelijk Nationale School te Gendringen dateert uit 1893. Zeven mannen richtten toen de 'Vereeniging voor Christelijk Nationaal Schoolonderwijs in het dorp Gendringen' op. Kennelijk bestond de behoefte aan meer leerstellig onderwijs en nam een aantal mensen geen genoegen meer met het onderwijs dat ter plaatse in de enige school, een openbare, gegeven werd. Feit is dat er in de plaatselijke Hervormde kring onrust bestaan had over de koers van de kerk die volgens sommigen teveel afweek van de 'rechtzinnige' lijn. In 1887 en 1888 was een aantal leden om die reden uit de hervormde gemeente getreden om vervolgens lid te worden van de in 1887 opgerichte Gereformeerde Dolerende kerk Gendringen-Wisch.
Van de diaconie van de Hervormde gemeente werd aan de IJsselstraat een stuk grond, een deel van de zogenoemde 'Armenkamp'(of 'Pavordskamp'), in eeuwige erfpacht verkregen voor een schoolgebouw met onderwijzerswoning. De bestuursleden werkten door het houden van collectes en door het werven van leden voor de vereniging aan de vorming van het nodige kapitaal.

Bakstenen werden gekocht en om niet aangevoerd door boeren met paard en wagen. De stenen werden opgetast op het erf van boer Westerveld, tegenover het bouwperceel dat gelegen was op de hoek van de IJsselstraat met de weg naar de IJsselweide (later 'IJsselweg' geheten). Op 24 mei werd de bouw aanbesteed. Op 9 oktober 1893 werd F.H.B. Alers uit Burgwerd benoemd als het hoofd van de nieuwe school in de advertentie was gevraagd om: 'een hoofdonderwijzer, Ned. Herv. van waarlijk Christelijke beginselen'. Toen de school op 28 december 1893 in gebruik genomen werd, waren 60 kinderen aangemeld, waarvan er 40 konden worden geplaatst. De overigen moest wachten tot een tweede onderwijzer 'gevonden' was. De notulen van de bestuursvergaderingen en van de ledenvergaderingen getuigen van de ontwikkelingen die plaats vonden. Veel inspanningen kostte het om de school financieel in stand te houden. De gelijksschakeling van het bijzonder onderwijs door de schoolwet van 1921 met het openbare onderwijs (wat financiële ondersteuning door de overheid betreft) bracht opluchting.

Een dieptepunt in de geschiedenis van de school was de zogeheten 'Gendringse schoolkwestie'. Het betrof een conflict dat in 1917 ontstond tussen het schoolbestuur en diens voorzitter ds. J. van Dorp. Het meningsverschil escaleerde zodanig dat ds. Van Dorp uit het bestuur trad en dat bestuursleden onder kerkelijke tucht werden geplaatst (uitsluiting van het avondmaal). Ds. Van Dorp richtte in 1924 in Gendringen een tweede Christelijke school op, de zogeheten 'school van de Kerkeraad' of 'Nederlandsch Hervormde School'. Deze school werd door de gemeente (daartoe wettelijk verplicht) onderdak geboden in het voormalige gebouw van de openbare school. Ouders van schoolgaande kinderen werden zo gedwongen openlijk partij te kiezen met alle gevolgen van dien. In 1931 ging de school van de kerkenraad wegens gebrek aan leerlingen en andere problemen ter ziele en raakten de tegenstellingen in de protestante gemeente door veranderingen in het personele vlak meer op de achtergrond.

De Christelijk Nationale School werd niet enkel bevolkt door leerlingen uit het dorp Gendringen maar ook uit nabij gelegen buurtschappen en het dorp Megchelen en omgeving. In Megchelen was de openbare school in 1928 omgezet in een r-.k. school zodat voor kinderen met een protestants-christelijke achtergrond een andere oplossing gezocht moest worden. Het gemeentebestuur kwam met de ouders overeen dat het vervoer van hun kinderen van Megchelen naar de school in Gendringen geregeld zou worden. Zulks geschiedde in de vorm van een schoolbus. In tijden dat geen motorisch vervoer plaats kon vinden werd een paard voor een wagen gespannen. Dat was het geval tijdens de Duitse bezetting (1940-1945).
Gedurende het laatste oorlogsjaar (1944/45) werd het schoolgebouw gevorderd door de Wehrmacht. Ook diende de school toen een tijd als hospitaal voor de verpleging van mishandelde en verzwakte Nederlandse dwangarbeiders uit het werkkamp (Ausländerlager Groin) bij het Duitse Rees. De kinderen kregen die tijd les in de Ned. Herv. Kerk.

In de jaren vijftig drong de behoefte aan een nieuw schoolgebouw zich op. Het oude gebouw vertoonde vele gebreken waarvan enkele, zoals tekort schietend sanitair (één kraan voor 120 kinderen in 1959) - volgens de schoolarts - zeker bedreigend waren voor de gezondheid. Uiteindelijk zou de voorbereiding voor nieuwbouw aan de Oosterstraat, gehinderd door bezuinigingen, ruim 14 jaar in beslag nemen. In 1969 kon eindelijk worden verhuisd naar het nieuwe vierklassige gebouw met aula.
In 1985 trad de wet op het basisonderwijs in werking hetgeen inhield dat de in oorsprong uit 1871 daterende Evangelische kleuterschool met de lagere school werd samengevoegd. In 1988 was de school aan de Oosterstraat na een verbouwing in staat om ook de kleuters opvang te bieden. 'De Hoeksteen' werd de naam van de aldus gevormde basisschool.
In het boekje dat in 1993 uitgegeven werd ter gelegenheid van de 100-jarige jubileumviering vinden we diverse anekdotes van oud-leerlingen en een enkele leerkracht die inzicht geven in de sfeer en de historie van deze school.

In diezelfde publicatie, is de volgende lijst van schoolhoofden opgenomen:

F.H.B. Alers 1893-1902

J. Visser 1902-1905

A.L. Soetekouw 1905-1911

A. de Geus 1911-1920

G. de Ru 1920-1925

G.J. Westerveld 1925-1926 (tijdelijk hoofd)

D. Kuit 1926-1931

J. Kamerbeek 1931-1970

D. Mik 1970-1985

J. Sevink 1985-1990

H. Hendertink 1990-

De Evangelische Bewaar-, Naai- en Breischool, later Evangelische Kleuterschool

Op 28 december 1871 werd aan straat 'de Achterkerspel' (in de volksmond 'de Klep') te Gendringen de nieuwgebouwde bewaarschool in gebruik genomen. Hoewel officieel sprake was van de Evangelische Bewaar-, Naai- en Breischool, sprak de hervormde predikant Herman Dirk Ouwersloot bij de opening uit dat de school bedoeld was voor alle gezindten. Blijkens de statuten van de beherende stichting bestond het bestuur uit 'Heeren en Dames'. Prominente inbreng had steeds de familie Luyken van Huis Landfort waarvan de bewoners ereleden van het bestuur waren en als begunstigers optraden. Ook werd op de school onderwezen in de nuttige handwerken. Over deze laatste taakstelling is weinig bekend. Uit de financiële administratie blijkt in elk geval dat in 1924-1926 nog schoolgelden ontvangen werden voor handwerken/breischool/naaischool.

Het door ds. Ouwersloot ruimhartig uitgesproken welkom aan 'andersdenkenden' ten spijt, ontwikkelde de school zich tot een overwegend protestantse instelling, hoewel ook enkele joodse kleuters hun weg naar het gebouw vonden. De school was dan ook op grond van de hervormde kerkvoogdij gebouwd en de bestuursvergaderingen werden tot in 1941 voorgezeten door de hervormde predikant. Sinds 1952 werd het voorzitterschap wisselend bekleed door J. Kamerbeek, hoofd der Christelijke Nationale School en door J.W. Jansen, hoofd van de Centrale Openbare Lagere School.
In de bewaarschool was ook een woning gebouwd, aanvankelijk werd deze bewoond door de hoofdonderwijzeres. Na het overlijden van juffrouw Hilligje Goetzee (1923) werd de woonruimte vrij verhuurd. Direct na de oorlog werd het gebouw tijdelijk gehuurd door de Politieke Opsporings Dienst die er politieke delinquenten in onderbracht.

Nieuwe eisen van overheidswege en de kleuteronderwijswet van 1955 maakte een einde aan de vrijblijvende wijze waarop de school tot dan toe was beheerd. Zo werden aan het personeel tot aan 1950 geen opleidingseisen gesteld. De stichtingsvorm werd vernieuwd en de naam veranderde in Evangelische Kleuterschool. Lekkage en tocht maakten dat de wens naar een nieuw gebouw sterker werd. Op 10 juli 1961 werd derhalve de nieuwe Evangelische Kleuterschool aan de ds. Van Dorpstraat geopend. Het oude gebouw aan de Achterkerspel werd in 1968 gesloopt.
Volledig los geraakt van de band met de Centrale Openbare Lagere School die door verplaatsing in de jaren '80 meer een aangelegenheid van het verderop gelegen dorp was geworden, ging de Evangelische Kleuterschool in 1985 met de Christelijk Nationale School aan de Oosterstraat organisatorisch op in de Christelijke Basisschool 'De Hoeksteen'.

De archieven

De in deze inventaris beschreven archieven zijn, hoezeer dan ook historisch waardevol, allerminst volledig te noemen. De series kasboeken zijn enigszins compleet. De notulen van de Christelijke Nationale School vertonen een groot hiaat (periode 1941-1967). Voorts ontbreken stukken als bijlagen bij de rekeningen en stukken betreffende scholenbouw, activiteiten die enkele malen hebben plaats gehad en die doorgaans toch veel archief opleveren. Ook zijn geen stukken betreffende personeel (dossiers) en leerlingen (leerlingenlijsten) e.d. ter bewaring overgedragen. Bij de inventarisatie in oktober 2009 werden geen stukken vernietigd.
Het archief, waarvan de bestanddelen in een goede staat verkeren, heeft een omvang van 0,875m.

Doetinchem, mei 2011

P. Bresser.

De overige archiefbestanddelen van deze school zijn beschreven onder SARA nr. 1009

Doetinchem, 9 juli 2018

Openbaarheid

Het archief is geheel openbaar.

Bronnen en literatuur

Gedenkboek getiteld: 1893-1993 Van "Christelijke Nationale School" tot "Hoeksteen" (1993)

Bresser, P. 'Er is eene bewaarschool', artikel in periodiek 'de Ganzeveer'(Oudheidkundige Vereniging Gemeente Gendringen), nr. 32, juni 2001, blz.7-18.

Inventaris van het archief der Nederlanse Hervormde gemeente Gendringen-Megchelen-Netterden 1725-1960 (1986), Inleiding.

Keywords

Subjects:
Onderwijs en Wetenschap

Record creator

Christelijke Nationale School Gendringen

Evangelische Bewaar-, Naai- en Breischool Gendringen

Evangelische Kleuterschool Gendringen

Christelijke Basisschool de Hoeksteen Gendringen

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This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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