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Collectie Kooger betreffende de geschiedenis van joodse gemeenten, 1816-2001

1816-2001 Reference: 0458

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Nederland
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers

Finding aid sub-groups

Doetinchem, januari 2018. P. Meerdink
2021
Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers
Nederlands

Physical description

2,375

General remarks

#guid

567FCA8EF5F44799896ACABC1A20F19B

Toegang

Inventaris

Gemeente

Doetinchem

Other descriptive information

Naam van de collectievormer en diens plaats in groter organisatorisch verband, eventuele naamswijzigingen

J.P. Kooger, geboren 1932 te Amsterdam, was naast zijn werkzame leven als wetenschappelijk documentalist, laatstelijk bij de KEMA te Arnhem, ook privé een bevlogen onderzoeker. In de jaren '70 en '80 verschenen tal van publicaties van zijn hand, zowel over historische, wetenschappelijke en technische onderwerpen, als over religieuze zaken, onder andere in de populair-wetenschappelijke reeks Actuele Onderwerpen van de stichting IVIO te Lelystad (AO-reeks). Hij schreef daarnaast ook verhalen en gedichten en publiceerde meestal onder zijn roepnaam Hans Kooger.

De collectie

De hieronder beschreven collectie beperkt zich in hoofdzaak tot de verzamelde documentatie, correspondentie en foto's betreffende de geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenten in de Achterhoek. De archiefvormer voegde een meerwaarde toe, door zijn correspondentie en interviews met inmiddels overleden informanten en foto's van sindsdien gewijzigde situaties. Hij legde daarmee mondelinge en visuele informatie vast, die reeds is verdwenen. Deze verzameling werd afgesloten na het verschijnen van zijn overzichtspublicatie 'Het oude volk - Kroniek van joods leven in de Achterhoek, Liemers en het grensgebied' in 2001. De documentatie bevat echter meer artikelen en betreft meer joodse gemeenten, dan in deze overzichtspublicatie beschreven staan.

Taken of bemoeienissen van de collectievormer en de wijzigingen daarin

In de periode 1972-2000 onderhield Kooger intensief kontakt met archiefdiensten, bibliotheken en musea, joodse families en instanties, wetenschappelijke en amateur-onderzoekers. Hij was ook aktief betrokken bij een landelijk projekt voor de inventarisatie van joodse grafzerken, dat in 1976 werd opgezet door de rijksarchivaris in Groningen ter documentatie van het afnemend aantal joodse begraafplaatsen in Nederland. Dit projekt werd in de Achterhoek gecoördineerd door het Staring Instituut te Doetinchem. De foto's werden gemaakt door Kooger zelf en J. Gal te Silvolde. De hebreeuwse teksten werden getranscribeerd door A.S. Rodrigues Pereira in Den Haag, H. Beem te Hilversum en G.J. Sylvain Kahn in Israel. Kooger ging vaak zelf in Achterhoek, Liemers en aangrenzende regio's rond om plaatselijk mensen te interviewen en foto's te maken en spoorde ook nazaten en informanten elders op. Hij beschreef aanvankelijk afzonderlijk de geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenten van Bredevoort, Brummen (met Bronkhorst en Steenderen), Doesburg, Gendringen, Zevenaar en de Kleefse enclaves in de Liemers. Andere auteurs publiceerden over de joodse gemeenten van Aalten, Borculo (inclusief Eibergen, Groenlo, Lochem, Neede, Ruurlo), Hengelo (G) en Zutphen. Collega-auteurs zoals S. Laansma en P. Lurvink stelden belangeloos hun aanvullende gegevens ter beschikking. Kooger bundelde de onderzoeksresultaten betreffende de geschiedenis van al deze joodse gemeenten, aangevuld met gegevens uit het Duitse grensgebied, in zijn overzichtswerk 'Het Oude volk - Kroniek van joods leven in de Achterhoek, Liemers en het grensgebied' (Doetinchem 2001). Kooger publiceerde daarnaast zowel literair als documentair over tal van andere onderwerpen, waarvan echter weinig in dit bestand aanwezig is.

Omvang van de collectie

Het aan het Streekarchivariaat geschonken bestand omvatte 24 dozen, tesamen 3 meter. In december 2017 werd door het Gelders Archief te Arnhem een afgedwaald deelbestand overgedragen. Dit bestand 1171 J.P. Kooger bestond uit twee afgedwaalde dozen met foto's en ander illustratiemateriaal betreffende hetzelfde onderzoek. Deze aanvulling is nu weer verenigd met het hoofdbestand. Na opschoning en aanvulling bedraagt de omvang circa 2,5 meter.

Openbaarheid

Er zijn geen beperkingen aan de openbaarheid.

Oorspronkelijke structuur/opbouw

Kooger deponeerde na de publicatie van 'Het Oude volk' zijn collectie documentatie en foto's betreffende joodse gemeenten in de Achterhoek en Liemers in 2001 bij het streekarchivariaat Regio Achterhoek. De stukken waren globaal alfabetisch geordend op de naam van de gemeente of vestigingsplaats en geborgen in genummerde archiefdozen. De inhoud is gevarieerd, bestaande uit kombinaties van notities, kopieën van documenten, correspondentie, foto's, krantenknipsels en gepubliceerde artikelen. Twee afgedwaalde dozen afkomstig van Kooger met gedocumenteerde foto's betreffende hetzelfde onderwerp werden door het Gelders Archief te Arnhem overgedragen en door de inventarisator aan het bestand toegevoegd.
Als serie zonder verband met het hoofdbestand werd daarin bovendien een diaserie aangetroffen betreffende harmonie- en fanfarekorpsen in Angerlo, Babberich, Didam, Duiven, Giesbeek, Groessen, Lathum, Lobith, Nieuw-Dijk, Ooy, Oud-Zevenaar, Pannerden, Wehl, Westervoort, Zevenaar.

Verantwoording van de inventarisatie

De indeling per gemeente of vestigingsplaats is gehandhaafd. De inhoud van het bestand betreft niet alleen joodse gemeenten in Oost-Gelderland, maar ook in aangrenzende regio's in Nederland, zoals de Veluwezoom, de Betuwe en Noord-Limburg, en in de Duitse deelstaat Nordrhein-Westfalen, zoals het Münsterland en de regio Niederrhein. Eeuwenlang was er een instroom van joodse emigranten uit Oost-Europa via Duitsland naar Nederland. De meeste joodse gemeenten waren klein en er bestonden vaak onderlinge sociale, genealogische en economische verbanden tussen joodse gemeenschappen in verschillende plaatsen en regio's. Het bestand is een afspiegeling van dit brede onderzoeksveld. Afgedwaalde stukken uit bestand 1171 van het Gelders Archief te Arnhem zijn ingevoegd onder vermelding van de oude orde als GA 1171 en de inventarisnummers 1 en 2 als /1 en /2.
De collectie is een combinatie van archief en documentatie. Deze samenvoeging is door de inventarisator gehandhaafd. Aantekeningen, correspondentie en verslagen van de archiefvormer berusten bij de documentatie van de onderwerpen, waarbij zij zijn aangetroffen en waarop zij betrekking hebben. Deze combinatie veroorzaakt enige problemen bij de datering. De stukken zijn daarom waar mogelijk gedateerd naar het tijdstip waarop zij zijn gevormd, onder vermelding van de onderzochte periode, aangezien de inhoud meestal onderwerpen van oudere datum betreft. Kooger was een aktief onderzoeker en publicist met een brede belangstelling en hield zich daarnaast bezig met publikaties over plaatselijke historie, religieuze onderwerpen, biografieën van wetenschappers en allerlei wetenschappelijke onderwerpen. Helaas zijn daarvan in dit bestand weinig stukken aanwezig. Aangetroffen stukken, die buiten de hoofdcategorie vallen, zijn geplaatst in de rubriek betreffende overige onderwerpen.

Toegepaste selectie

Voor zover desbetreffende originele stukken berusten bij het Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers te Doetinchem, zijn kopieën uit bevolkingsregisters en van bescheiden uit rechterlijke en notariële archieven verwijderd. Eveneens geldt dit voor kopieën van stukken betreffende de Tweede Wereldoorlog, afkomstig uit politiearchieven , waarvan de originelen niet raadpleegbaar zijn zonder toestemming van de bewaargever. Kopieën van boeken zijn verwijderd, de publicatiegegevens opgenomen. Schadelijke fotokopieën zijn vervangen. Dubbele exemplaren van bescheiden en omslagen of hechtmiddelen van schadelijk materiaal zijn verwijderd.

Literatuur- en andere bronnen

Agt, J.F. van. De synagoge van Winterswijk; in: jaarboek stichting Oude Gelderse kerken, 1977.

Aschoff, D. Studien zur Geschichte der Juden im Kreis Borken. Vreden 1984.

Bierhaus, A. Es ist nicht leicht darüber zu sprechen: der Novemberpogrom 1938 im Kreis Borken. Borken 1988.
NB: Behandeld per plaats.

Dalen, A.G. van. De Jodenvervolging; in Bergh, heren, land en volk [Nijmegen 1979] p.351 e.v.

De joodse begraafplaatsen in Nederland; themanummer van Misjpoge. Gedrukt, geïllustreerd. , Jaargang III nummer 4, 1990 okt.

Eefting, J. De Lochemse synagoge. Lochem 1993.

Gans, M.H. Memorboek, platenatlas van het leven der joden in Nederland etc. Baarn 1971.

Groot, I. de. Wat de oorlog bracht over Zevenaar 1940-1945. Zevenaar 1947.

Hemelrijk, J. Mijn kinderleven. Arnhem 1969. [Betreft joodse autobiografie periode circa 1900-1930 te Winterswijk].

Hoogakker, J. De joodse gemeenschap in 's-Heerenberg; in: Old Ni-js van de Heemkundekring Bergh, nummers 26-29 en 75. [Zie ook <www.berghapedia.nl>].

Jong, L. de. Segregatie in het onderwijs; Razzia's in het oosten des lands; in: Het koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede wereldoorlog deel 5 [Den Haag 1974] p. 525-532.

Jong, O.J. de. Kerkgeschiedenis 1492-1795; in: Geschiedenis van Gelderland 1492-1795 boek II [Zutphen 1975] p. 367-383.

Kooger, H. Bloeitijd van joodse gemeenschappen in Achterhoek en Liemers; in Jaarboek Achterhoek & Liemers deel 18, Zutphen 1995.

Kooger, H. De joodse gemeente van Zevenaar. Zevenaar 1974.

Kooger, H. Een joodse begraafplaats in Heelweg; in: Jaarboek Achterhoek & Liemers deel 10, Zutphen 1987.

Kooger, H. Het oude volk, kroniek van joods leven in de Achterhoek, Liemers en het grensgebied. Doetinchem 2001.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in Aalten en Bredevoort; in: Ne göpse vetelsels ovver Aalten en Bredevoort. Aalten 1984.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in Bronkhorst. Steenderen en Brummen. Zutphen 1978.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in de Achterhoek; in: Nederlandse Historiën 1977-1979 jrg. 11-13.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in de Kleefse enclaves; in: Zevenaar stad in de Liemers. Z.p. 1986.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in Dieren, Rheden en Velp. Zutphen 1987.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in Doesburg. Zutphen 1981.

Kooger, H. Joods leven in Gendringen; in: Studia Rosenthaliana deel 19/2, 1985.

Kooger, H. Joodse stenen spreken; in: Jaarboek Achterhoek & Liemers deel 11, Zutphen 1988.

Kooger, H. Nazaten van Abraham, Izaäk en Jakob; in: Bredevoort een heerlijkheid 1188-1988 [Doetinchem/Bredevoort 1988] p. 189 e.v.

Kooger, H. Zonen en dochters van het Oude volk; in: 1000 Jaar Gendringen [Nijmegen 1983] p.408 e.v.

Laansma, S. De joden van de Kleine Haar te Gorssel - een groep Palestina-pioniers. Zutphen 1986.

Laansma, S. De joodse gemeente te Borculo: omvattende Borculo, Eibergen, Groenlo, Lochem, Neede en Ruurlo. Zutphen 1978.

Laansma, S. De joodse gemeente te Hengelo (Gld). Zutphen 1978.

Laansma, S. De joodse gemeente te Zutphen. Zutphen 1977.

Lurvink, P. De joodse gemeente in Aalten, een geschiedenis 1630-1945. Zutphen 1991/Aalten 2010.

Veen, J.S. van. Bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der joden in Gelderland; in: Bijdragen en Mededelingen van de vereniging Gelre, 1907, deel X.

Vis, Henk en M. Schwarz. We hebben ze allemaal gekend. Winterswijk 2010. Herzien en aangevuld 2017.

Vredenburg, J. De joden in Gelderland; in: Gelderland. Arnhem 1926.

Wesselink, E.H. Kom vanavond met verhalen - Eibergen in oorlogstijd, deel I De jodenvervolging. Eibergen 1990.

NB: Bovenstaande opgave betreft een selectie. Afzonderlijke korte vermeldingen, beschrijvingen en beeldmateriaal betreffende joodse gemeenten, families, personen, verenigingen en bedrijven gaan vaak schuil in publikaties en websites over de plaatselijke historie van hun woonplaats.

Naam van inventarisator, organisatie(onderdeel) dat de bewerking/inventarisatie heeft verricht, jaar en plaats van totstandkoming van de toegang

Doetinchem, januari 2018.
P. Meerdink, Erfgoedcentrum Achterhoek en Liemers.

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This is a test area to fill out all the copyright details for Attribution Creative Commons Licence

This object is not or no longer protected by copyright and has been labelled with the Public Domain Mark. It can be used by anyone without any restrictions.

This object is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication. All possible existing rights in the content are waived, and the object can be used by anyone without any restrictions.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution (BY) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object, even commercially, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This is a test area to fill out all the copyright details for Attribution Creative Commons Share Alike Licence

This is a test area to fill out all the copyright details for NoDerivs

This is a test area to fill out all the copyright details for NonCommercial

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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