FIOM: notulen van algemene leden- en bestuursvergaderingen 1946-1975; jaarverslagen 1930-1968; ingekomen en minuten van uitgaande stukken 1929-1975; stukken betreffende wetgeving 1941-1975; statuten en huishoudelijk reglement 1929-1969; stukken betreffende de leden 1929-1975; stukken betreffende samenwerking met andere organisaties 1932-1975; stukken betreffende bezit, subsidies en financiën 1954-1975; stukken betreffende cursussen en studiedagen 1955-1975; stukken betreffende de fusie 1962-1978; stukken betreffende voorlichting en publiciteit 1961-1975; Stukken betreffende ongehuwde moederzorg, adoptie, vondelingen, voogdij, abortus en kinderbescherming 1945-1978; stukken betreffende ongehuwde moederzorg in het buitenland 1931-1978.
Fiom: notulen van algemene ledenvergaderingen 1975-1979; stukken van bestuurs- en stafvergaderingen 1975-1979; ingekomen en minuten van uitgaande stukken 1975-1979; stukken betreffende contacten met ministeries 1975-1979; statuten 1975; stukken betreffende de leden 1975-1979; stukken betreffende contacten en samenwerking met andere organisaties 1975-1978; stukken betreffende fondsen en subsidies 1974-1979; stukken betreffende voorlichting en publiciteit 1975-1981; stukken betreffende cursussen 1975-1982; stukken betreffende werkgroepen 1972-1979.
Opgericht op 1 maart 1930 naar aanleiding van het schrappen van de bepaling in het ontwerp-Ziektewet van 1929 dat ook ongehuwde arbeidsters verzekerd dienden te zijn tegen de kosten van bevalling en verpleging; op 1 juli 1975 fuseerde de FIOM met Centrale vereniging van Organisatie voor hulpverlening aan niet-gehuwde Moeders (COM) en de Hendrik Pierson Stichting (HPS) tot de Fiom, Nederlandse vereniging van organisaties voor hulpverlening bij zwangerschap en alleenstaand ouderschap; de FIOM bundelde de reeds bestaande instellingen en koepelorganisaties op het gebied van hulpverlening aan ongehuwde moeders, vrouwen- en kinderbescherming met de daaronder ressorterende bureaus en tehuizen; daarnaast was een aantal tehuizen direct bij de FIOM aangesloten; doel was het bevorderen en steunen van het werk van haar leden; in 1975 werden de bureaus en tehuizen van de leden-instellingen ondergebracht in stichtingen met een rekening-courant bij de Fiom; naam veranderde in 1988 na reorganisatie in Landelijke Vereniging Ambulante FIOM.
Inventaris gemaakt door Ineke Bekker in 1993; aanvulling door Annette Mevis in 1994
12.60 meter is nog niet geïnventariseerd
Beperkt
Toestemming archivaris nodig
Archief Nederlandse Federatie van Instellingen voor de Ongehuwde Moeder en haar kind (FIOM), inv.nr …, collectie Internationaal Archief voor de Vrouwenbeweging (IAV) in Atria, kennisinstituut voor emancipatie en vrouwengeschiedenis
Geschiedenis van de organisatie
Een aantal vertegenwoordigers van de landelijke verenigingen op het gebied van de ongehuwde moederzorg en de geestelijke gezondheid kwam in een vergadering op 11 september 1929 tot de conclusie dat er een overkoepelende organisatie moest komen. Directe aanleiding was het amendement Aalberse, dat ongehuwde moeders uitsloot van verzekering tegen de kosten van bevalling en verpleging. De voorbereidingscommissie bestond uit E.R. van Ouwenaller en Ch.L. Polak-Rosenberg, respectievelijk voorzitter en secretaresse van de Unie van Vereenigingen voor Ongehuwde Moeders (UVOM) te Amsterdam; H.M.L.H. Sark, secretaris van de Armenraad te 's-Gravenhage; C. Meuleman, geneesheer-directeur van de Kweekschool voor Vroedvrouwen te Heerlen; N. Josephus Jitta, voorzitter van de Centrale Gezondheidsraad; en A. de Graaf, inspecteur van de Centraal-Bond voor Inwendige Zending en Christelijk Philantropische Inrichtingen te Zeist. Op 1 maart 1930 werd de Nederlandse Federatie van Instellingen voor de Ongehuwde Moeder en haar kind (FIOM) opgericht. Het doel van de vereniging was goede voorwaarden te scheppen voor de ongehuwde moederzorg. Samenwerking tussen de overheid en particuliere verenigingen was hierbij van groot belang. De instellingen van weldadigheid werden geregeld bij de Armenwet (1912). Hieraan kwam in 1965 een einde door de invoering van de Algemene Bijstandswet (1963). Bij oprichting waren bij de FIOM aangesloten: de Nederlandsche Middernachtzending Vereeniging, de Nederlandsche Vrouwenbond tot verhoging van het Zedelijk Bewustzijn, de Vereeniging Onderlinge Vrouwenbescherming, de Nederlandsche R.K. Vereeniging ter Bescherming van Meisjes, de Vereeniging tot Bescherming van Joodse Meisjes en het Leger des Heils. De FIOM had de rechtspersoonlijkheid van een vereniging. Conform de statuten koos de algemene vergadering een voorzitter, bestuursleden en een secretaris. Het dagelijks bestuur werd gevormd door de voorzitter, vice-voorzitter, secretaris en de penningmeester. De voorzitter had de leiding over de algemene en de bestuursvergaderingen. De secretaris leidde het secretariaat en het landelijk bureau in Amsterdam en 's-Hertogenbosch. De secretaris maakte geen deel uit van het bestuur. De formele plaats van vestiging van de FIOM was 's-Gravenhage. Het kapitaal werd gevormd door contributies, subsidies van de ministeries van Cultuur, Recreatie en Maatschappelijk Werk (CRM), Onderwijs, Justitie, alsmede door legaten en giften. Het boekjaar liep parallel met het kalenderjaar.
De leden-instellingen waren zelfstandig. Zij beschikten over consultatie-bureaus en tehuizen voor de hulp aan hun cliënten. Van oudsher behoorden onderdak, abortus provocatus, afstand en adoptie, minnelijke schikking, alimentatie en onderstand tot de vaste bestanddelen van de ongehuwde moederzorg. De crisisjaren en de Tweede Wereldoorlog deden de opvatting daarover veranderen. Het aantal taken breidde zich uit. Na 1945 bleek professionalisering noodzakelijk.
Tussen 1945 en 1975 werd de ongehuwde moederzorg diverse malen gereorganiseerd. De voornaamste reorganisaties waren het samengaan van het Contactorgaan van katholieke instellingen voor de ongehuwde moeder en haar kind met de RK Vereniging Meisjesbelangen in 1964. De nieuwe vereniging ging verder onder de naam Katholieke Centrale Vereniging tot hulpverlening aan niet-gehuwde Moeders (KCVM). De Hendrik Pierson Vereniging werd in 1971 omgezet in de Hendrik Pierson Stichting. De Vereniging Onderlinge Vrouwenbescherming en de KCVM fuseerden op hun beurt in 1971 tot de Centrale vereniging van Organisaties voor hulpverlening aan niet-gehuwde Moeders (COM). Binnen de FIOM leidden de Commissie Programma Tehuizen (PET) en de werkgroep Kapaciteit en Behoefte tot de fusie van de Amsterdamse tehuizen. Commissie en werkgroep brachten tevens de bezinning over de toekomst van de ongehuwde moederzorg op gang. Deze bezinning werd verder uitgedragen door de commissie-Stroom. De conclusie luidde, dat een algehele reorganisatie van de ongehuwde moederzorg (alweer) noodzakelijk was. Op 1 juli 1975 fuseerden de COM, HPS en FIOM tot: Fiom, Nederlandse vereniging van organisaties voor hulpverlening bij zwangerschap en alleenstaand ouderschap. De bureaus en tehuizen van de voormalige leden-instellinge werden ondergebracht in stichtingen met een rekening-courant bij de Fiom. In 1988 tenslotte vond wederom een reorganisatie plaats binnen de ongehuwde moederzorg: de Fiom veranderde in Landelijke Vereniging Ambulante FIOM (LVAF).
Verantwoording van de inventarisatie
De archieven van de FIOM/Fiom zijn eigendom van het IIAV. Zij omvatten na de inventarisatie 8,60 strekkende meter. Het materiaal is samen met het archief van de COM en haar voorgangsters in termijnen bij het IIAV gekomen. Het archief van de Fiom is tot en met het jaar 1979 overgedragen. Een gedeelte van het archiefmateriaal werd in 1990 voorlopig toegankelijk gemaakt door Saskia Swart en Erica Veenhof in het kader van hun studie geschiedenis. Een nieuwe algehele inventarisatie bleek noodzakelijk. Het archief is geschoond. De FIOM/Fiom hadden ondermeer als taak om de overheid van advies te dienen bij de sociale wetgeving. Dit verklaart waarom opgelegde wetgeving onder organisatie voorkomt en wetgeving als adviestaak onder taakuitoefening. De tijdens de algemene vergaderingen gehouden inleidingen zijn nader beschreven. Hiermede heeft de onderzoeker een extra ingang. De commissies en werkgroepen zijn, voor zover te achterhalen, voorzien van data van instelling en eventueel opheffing.
BRONNEN
De archieven van de FIOM en Fiom.
Swart, S en E. Veenhof, Inventaris van het archief van de Nederlandse Federatie van Instellingen voor de Ongehuwde Moeder en haar kind (1920) 1930-1975 (1977), IIAV, Amsterdam 1990 (ongepubliceerd).
Rijkssubsidieregeling maatschappelijke dienstverlening aan niet gehuwde moeders en hun kind (CRM, uitgave FIOM, 1971).
Hueting, E., en R. Ney, Ongehuwde Moederzorg in Nederland (Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 1990).
Nederlandse Federatie van Instellingen voor de Ongehuwde Moeder en haar kind (FIOM)
Fiom, Nederlandse vereniging van organisaties voor hulpverlening bij zwangerschap en alleenstaand ouderschap
Atria, kennisinstituut voor emancipatie en vrouwengeschiedenis
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