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Otto Leichter Papers

1934-1948, 1954 1934-1948 Reference: ARCH00810

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The Netherlands
Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis

Finding aid sub-groups

Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis
( Cruquiusweg 31 , 1019 AT Amsterdam , Nederland )
Finding aid is in German
Collection Summary

Scope and content

Content

Documents concerning the illegal socialist Austrian workers movement 1936-1939: manuscripts by Otto Leichter and Oscar Pollak, circulars, leaflets, bulletins of the various organizations, accounts of interviews held by Otto Leichter with active members; letters to Leichter by Friedrich Adler, Kathia Adler, Hugo Breitner, Theodor Dan and Wilhelm Ellenbogen 1941-1948, 1954.

Record creators history

Biographical Note

Born in Vienna 1897, died in New York 1973; journalist and publicist; studied law in Vienna; member of the Verband Sozialistischer Studenten Österreichs, Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei in Österreich (SDAP), Revolutionäre Sozialisten Österreichs (RSÖ), Auslandsvertretung der österreichischen Sozialisten in Paris, Austrian Labor Committee in New York, Arbeiterkammer in Vienna from 1948, Sozialistische Partei Österreichs (SPÖ); contributor to Der Kampf, Arbeiter-Zeitung, Informationsdienst of the RSÖ, Die Gewerkschaft, Gewerkschaftliche Information, Die Debatte, Der Sozialistische Kampf, Austrian Labor Information, Arbeit und Wirtschaft; founder of Österreichischer Nachrichtendienst; after 1934 supported Austrian exiles in various capacities; correspondent in the USA for several European newspapers from 1948.

Processing information

Processing Information

Inventory made by Andreas Schrabauer in 2010.

Revised for purposes of digitization by Eva van Oene in 2015.

Conditions governing access

Access

Not restricted

Conditions governing reproduction

Restrictions on Use

For reasons of protection of the original documents, only the scans are available for use.

Existence and location of copies

Alternative Form

Complete papers digitized as part of the Centrale Project 2012-2016.

Preferred citation

Preferred Citation

Otto Leichter Papers , inventory number..., International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam

Extent

0.25 m. meter

Other descriptive information

Einleitung

Otto Leichter wurde am 22. Februar 1897 in Wien geboren und starb am 14. Februar 1973 in New York. Er war verheiratet mit Käthe Pick, die im Februar 1942 in einem Konzentrationslager starb. Sie hatten zwei Söhne. Im Jahre 1943 heiratete er Elsa Koheri.

Leichter war von 1919 bis 1934 Mitarbeiter der Zeitschrift Der Kampf. Von 1925 bis 1934 war er Redakteur der Arbeiter-Zeitung. Anfang März 1934 reiste er nach Brünn (Brno) und, nach Unterredung mit Otto Bauer, weiter nach Zürich, wo er einen Pressedienst gründete, um die ausländische Presse über die Situation in Österreich zu informieren. Im September 1934 war er Teilnehmer an der sogenannten Wiener Konferenz der Revolutionären Sozialisten Österreichs (RSÖ) in Blansko bei Brünn. Im Anschluss daran kehrte er nach Österreich zurück. Er wurde Redakteur von u.a. Die Gewerkschaft und Gewerkschaftliche Information.

Im März 1938 floh Leichter nach Paris, wo er, nach dem Tode Otto Bauers im Juli 1938, Mitredakteur der Zeitschrift Der Sozialistische Kampf wurde. Im Jahre 1939 wurde er Mitglied der in Paris gegründeten Auslandsvertretung der Freien Gewerkschaften Österreichs. Im Jahre 1940 floh er nach Süd-Frankreich und von dort nach New York, wo er die Austrian Labor Information herausgab. Nach dem Krieg kehrte er für einige Jahre zurück nach Wien, wo er u.a. für die Arbeiterkammer arbeitete und Redakteur der Zeitschrift Arbeit und Wirtschaft war. 1948 kehrte er nach New York zurück und wurde dort Korrespondent für die Arbeiter-Zeitung (Wien) und andere europäische Zeitungen. Von 1957 bis 1971 war er UNO -Korrespondent.

Die Kollektion enthält Dokumentationsmaterial über die illegale sozialistische Arbeiterbewegung Österreichs von 1934 bis 1938. Im Dezember 1939 hat Leichter dieses Material dem Internationalen Institut für Sozialgeschichte in Amsterdam übergeben. Die Kollektion wurde 1982 erstmals verzeichnet. Die vorliegende Liste enthält zusätzlich Unterlagen, die Leichter dem IISG 1939 (Nr. 13, 14, 16 und 31 dieser Liste) und 1966 (Nr. 2) übergeben hatte und die bisher an anderer Stelle aufbewahrt wurden (bisherige Bezeichnungen: EMss I/10, I/9, I/11 und I/17 sowie DIV IX/2). Zweitexemplare der zusammenfassenden Darstellung von 1939 und der Interviews (Nr. 6, 8 und 10 der Liste von 1982) wurden 1995 an den Verein für die Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung, Wien abgegeben. Damit wurde eine Neunummerierung der Kollektion nötig.

Anlässlich der Revision des Verzeichnisses von 1982 konnte außerdem eine ursprüngliche Fehlzuschreibung von Nr. 15-17 dieser Liste korrigiert und der nicht überlieferte Zahlenschlüssel von Leichters Manuskripte teilweise rekonstruiert werden (siehe Anhang).

Literatur

Otto Leichter, Zwischen zwei Diktaturen, Österreichs Revolutionäre Sozialisten 1934-1938 (Wien 1968).

Georg Wieser, (Ps. von Otto Leichter), Ein Staat stirbt, Österreich 1934- 1938 (Paris 1938).

Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier international, publié sous la direction de Jean Maitron et Georg Haupt, T. I, Autriche, S. 185-187 (Paris 1971).

ANHANG

In Leichters Manuskripten zur österreichischen Illegalität 1934-1938 in dieser Kollektion sind Personen-, Orts- und Organisationsnamen weitgehend chiffriert. Der benutzte Zahlenschlüssel liegt nicht vor. Dieser lässt sich jedoch über die Arbeit von Oscar Pollak weitgehend erschließen. In der 1936-er Fassung (Nr. 15 dieser Liste) ist der als Beilage vorliegende Zahlenschlüssel benutzt worden. In der 1939-er Fassung (Nr. 16) hat Leichter nach einem anderen, nicht vorhandenen Zahlenschlüssel chiffriert und die 'Namenschiffern (.....) mit dem Code eingefügt, der für alle Teile dieser Arbeit gilt'. Durch den Vergleich beider Fassungen lässt sich der Personenteil des Leichterschen Schlüssels direkt rekonstruieren, Orts- und Organisationsnamen unschwer erschließen. Rekonstruktion einiger chiffrierten Namen:
Kode 1939: Name und Kode 1936:
1 Buttinger, Joseph. (33)
15 Kulcsar, Leopold. (21)
17 Rauscher, Franz. (16)
30 Kulcsar, Ilse. (22)
32 Leichter, Käthe. (6)
33 Leichter, Otto. (3)
34 Pollak, Oscar. (2)
35 Gruppe Kulcsar. (-)
45 Sailer, Karl Hans. (1)
73 Ackermann, Manfred. (11)
80 Felleis, Roman. (15)
82 Holubek, Karl. (12)
88 Probst, Otto. (24)
103 Pav, Hans. (17)
107 Jochmann, Rosa. (4)
130 Hannak, Jacques. (18)
142 Kostroun, Karl. (13)
143 Jonas, Franz. (14)
153 Billmayer, Erwin. (29)
352 Gottlieb, Alexander. (9)
353 Mänchen-Helfen, Otto. (10)
354 Fulda, Lily. (7)
360 Schiller-Marmorek. (8)
384 Holowatij, Rudolf. (19)
478 Pollak, Marianne. (5)
479 Neumann, Kurt. (20)
480 Druckerei Holubek. (23)
482 Reitbacher, Harry. (27)
486 Börner, Wilhelm. (34)
- Bauer, Otto. (25)

Keywords

Subjects

Subjects:
Socialist and social democrat parties/Socialist International
Culture, media and arts
Geographic names:
Austria
Personal names:Pollak, Oskar Adler, Friedrich
Corporate names: Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei in Österreich Revolutionäre Sozialisten Österreichs Sozialistische Partei Österreichs
Genre of the material:

Archival material
Geographic names:
Wien
New York
Personal names: Otto Leichter Käthe Pick Elsa Koheri
Geographic names:
Brünn (Brno)
Zürich
Österreich
Blansko
Personal names: Otto Bauer
Corporate names: Revolutionären Sozialisten Österreichs (RSÖ)
Titles of related works:
Der Kampf
Arbeiter-Zeitung
Die Gewerkschaft
Gewerkschaftliche Information
Geographic names:
Paris
Süd-Frankreich
Corporate names: Freien Gewerkschaften Österreichs Arbeiterkammer UNO
Titles of related works:
Der Sozialistische Kampf
Austrian Labor Information
Arbeit und Wirtschaft
Arbeiter-Zeitung (Wien)
Titles of related works:
Zwischen zwei Diktaturen, Österreichs Revolutionäre Sozialisten 1934-1938
Titles of related works:
Ein Staat stirbt, Österreich 1934- 1938
Titles of related works:
Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier international
Autriche
Personal names: Buttinger, Joseph Kulcsar, Leopold Rauscher, Franz Kulcsar, Ilse Leichter, Käthe Sailer, Karl Hans Ackermann, Manfred Felleis, Roman Holubek, Karl Probst, Otto Pav, Hans Jochmann, Rosa Hannak, Jacques Kostroun, Karl Jonas, Franz Billmayer, Erwin Gottlieb, Alexander Mänchen-Helfen, Otto Fulda, Lily Schiller-Marmorek Holowatij, Rudolf Pollak, Marianne Neumann, Kurt Reitbacher, Harry

Language of the material

German

Record creator


Creator:

Leichter, Otto

Content provider

International Institute of Social History

( Cruquiusweg 31 , 1019 AT Amsterdam , The Netherlands )

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This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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