27 mars 1973
France. Secrétariat d'État à l'environnement et à la qualité de la vie. Direction de la prévention des pollutions
DEPPR (Direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques)
DPPR (Direction de la Prévention des Pollutions et des Risques)
France Ministère de l'Aménagement du Territoire et de l'Environnement Direction de la Prévention des Pollutions et des Risques
DGPR (Direction générale de la prévention des risques)
France. Ministère de l'écologie, de l'énergie, du développement durable et de la mer. Direction générale de la prévention des risques
France. Ministère de l'écologie, du développement durable et de l'énergie. Direction générale de la prévention des risques
France. Direction de la prévention des pollutions
France. Ministère de l'environnement et de la prévention des risques technologiques et naturels majeurs. Direction de l'eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques
France. Ministère de l’Environnement. Direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques
France. Ministère de l’Environnement. Direction de la prévention des pollutions et des risques
France. Ministère de l’Ecologie, de l’Energie, du Développement durable et de l’Aménagement du territoire. Direction générale de la prévention des risques
France. Prévention des pollutions et nuisances
France. Ministère de l'Environnement. Direction de la prévention des pollutions et des risques (1973-….)
En 1974, la Direction de la prévention des pollutions et nuisances est composée :
du service chargé des problèmes de l’eau,
du service chargé des problèmes de la mer et des océans,
du service de l’environnement industriel,
du service des problèmes de l’atmosphère,
du service des problèmes de déchets solides,
du service des problèmes du bruit.
L’arrêté du 2 octobre 1979 fixe une nouvelle organisation ; la direction s’étoffe avec une sous-direction de la pollution de l’air, une mission contrôle des produits, une mission énergie et une mission technologies propres.
De 1987 à 1992, la direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques hérite de cette organisation.
La direction de la prévention des pollutions et des risques est structurée comme suit :
Mission bruit,
Mission contrôle des produits,
Mission énergie,
Service de l’environnement industriel,
Sous-direction de la pollution de l’air,
Sous-direction chimie-pétrole, risques technologiques,
Service des technologies propres et des déchets,
Comité supérieur d’évaluation des risques volcaniques,
Comité national d’évaluation des risques de mouvements de terrain,
Conseil supérieur des installations classées,
Commission d’évaluation de l’écotoxicité des substances chimiques.
En 1994, la Direction est restructurée :
Service de l’environnement industriel,
Sous-direction de la prévention des risques majeurs,
Sous-direction des produits et des déchets,
Mission bruit,
Comité supérieur d’évaluation des risques volcaniques,
Conseil supérieur des installations classées,
Commission d’évaluation de l’écotoxicité des substances chimiques.
Le Service de l’environnement industriel a absorbé un certain nombre de compétences en matière de pollutions, d’énergie et de contrôle des risques.
En 2008, la Direction générale de la prévention des risques est composée :
du Service des risques technologiques,
du Service de la prévention des nuisances et de la qualité de l’environnement,
du Service des risques naturels et hydrauliques.
A partir de 2018, le Service de la prévention des nuisances et de la qualité de l’environnement devient le Service des risques sanitaires liés à l’environnement, des déchets et des pollutions diffuses.
La prévention des pollutions et des risques est mentionnée dans les attributions du ministre chargé de la Protection de la nature et de l’Environnement dès 1971 (décret n°71-94 du 2 février 1971).
La direction de la prévention des pollutions et nuisances est créée en 1973. Elle fait partie des trois grands services du ministère chargé de l’Environnement avec la direction de la protection de la nature et la mission de l’environnement rural et urbain. Elle se voit confier les attributions concernant les établissements dangereux et insalubres, la coordination interministérielle de l’eau, de l’air, du bruit et de l’élimination des déchets. Elle procède aux études techniques et juridiques nécessaires à la lutte contre les pollutions et nuisances provenant des particuliers, des collectivités publiques et des activités agricoles, commerciales et industrielles. Elle exerce la tutelle sur les agences financières de bassin créées en 1964 et assure le secrétariat du Conseil supérieur des établissements classés et des organismes de coordination dans le domaine de l’eau et de l’air.
En 1978, la direction de la prévention des pollutions et nuisances devient la direction de la prévention des pollutions. Elle conserve les mêmes compétences mais exerce également ses missions dans le domaine de la récupération des matériaux. Elle contribue à la police des eaux et des déversements dans les eaux maritimes et met en œuvre la législation sur le contrôle des produits chimiques.
Elle assure le secrétariat du Comité national de l’eau et la tutelle de l’Agence nationale pour la récupération et l’élimination des déchets (ANRED).
L’action de la direction de la prévention des pollutions est renforcée en 1984 par le transfert des services chargés des ressources en eau et de la qualité des eaux, et de la coordination pour les problèmes de l’eau de la direction de l’aménagement du ministère de l’Agriculture, si bien qu’en 1987, elle devient la direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques.
La Direction de l‘eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques a pour missions :
de connaître le niveau des pollutions, de proposer et mettre en œuvre les mesures nécessaires à leur réduction ou suppression, de prévenir les risques de pollutions, de prévenir les risques liés aux activités industrielles et agricoles,
de gérer les ressources en eau, d’assurer la protection et la gestion des eaux souterraines et superficielles et la protection des eaux marines, de prévenir les risques d’inondation,
de contrôler les produits chimiques.
Elle doit également promouvoir les techniques et technologies propres.
Elle assure les secrétariats :
de la Mission interministérielle de l’eau,
du Comité national de l’eau,
du Conseil supérieur des installations classées,
du Comité national pour la récupération et l’élimination des déchets,
de la Commission interministérielle de coordination dans le domaine de l’élimination des déchets,
et de la Commission d’évaluation de l’écotoxicité des substances chimiques.
Elle assure également la tutelle :
des Agences financières de bassin,
de l’Agence nationale pour la récupération et l’élimination des déchets,
et de l’Agence pour la qualité de l’air.
Le directeur de l‘eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques occupe les fonctions de délégué aux risques majeurs (naturels et technologiques).
A partir de 1992, la direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques se scinde en deux :
la direction de l’eau,
et la direction de la prévention des pollutions et des risques.
Cette dernière conserve une partie des attributions de la Direction de l’eau et de la prévention des pollutions et des risques.
Elle participe conjointement aux ministères de l’Industrie et de la Santé aux dossiers sur les rejets dans l’environnement des installations nucléaires, sur la pollution atmosphérique et l’élimination et la récupération des déchets.
Elle assure le secrétariat :
du Conseil national du bruit,
de la Mission interministérielle de l’effet de serre,
et du Comité français pour la décennie internationale de la prévention des catastrophes naturelles.
Elle est également chargée des questions relatives à la tutelle :
de l’Agence de l’environnement et de la maîtrise de l’énergie (ADEME),
de l’Institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS),
et de l’Agence nationale pour la gestion des déchets radioactifs (ANDRA).
En 2008, deux directions générales sont créées à partir de la DPPR :
la direction générale de l’énergie et du climat (DGEC),
et la direction générale de la prévention des risques (DGPR).
La direction générale de la prévention des risques hérite d’une part des attributions de l’ancienne direction de la prévention des pollutions et des risques du ministère de l’Environnement, et d’autre part des attributions de la direction de l’action régionale et de la petite et moyenne industrie (DARPMI) du ministère de l’Industrie.
Elle identifie et quantifie les risques naturels et technologiques, et met en œuvre les politiques relatives à la connaissance, l’évaluation, la prévention et la réduction des risques. Elle déploie des mesures réglementaires en lien avec :
les installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement,
la sécurité industrielle,
la sécurité du transport de matières dangereuses,
la prévention de la pollution et de la gestion des sites pollués,
les organismes génétiquement modifiés,
les produits chimiques,
la gestion des déchets,
la prévention des risques naturels, du bruit et de la pollution lumineuse,
les risques associés aux ondes magnétiques,
la sûreté nucléaire (également sous l’autorité conjointe des ministères chargés de l’Industrie et de la Santé).
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