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France. Cabinet de Françoise Nyssen, ministre de la Culture et de la Communication (2017-2018)

Corporate body | 17 mai 2017 - 16 octobre 2018 Identifier: FRAN_NP_052415
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France
Archives nationales

Date of foundation:

17 mai 2017

Date of closing:

16 octobre 2018

LEGAL STATUS

Legal status:

cabinet ministériel

FUNCTION

Function:

action gouvernementale

Function:

Function:

MANDATE

STRUCTURE

Note:

Le cabinet du ministre :

Le fonctionnement du cabinet des ministres est régi par le décret n° 48-1233 du 28 juillet 1948 modifié portant règlement d’administration publique en ce qui concerne les cabinets ministériels. Il est constitué par le ministre lors de sa prise de fonction et est composé :

- d’un directeur (assisté parfois d’un directeur adjoint), chargé de la coordination entre le ministre et son administration ;

- d’un chef de cabinet dont le rôle est de veiller au bon fonctionnement du cabinet : agenda du ministre, déplacements, secrétariat, audiences et relations publiques, distinctions honorifiques ;

- de conseillers chargés d’un ou plusieurs dossiers et devant assurer le suivi de l’activité des directions et de chargés de mission aux attributions ponctuelles. Le décret n° 2017-1063 du 18 mai 2017 relatif aux cabinets ministériels (NOR: PREX1714723D) limite le nombre de conseillers à 10 membres.

Ont été membres du cabinet de Françoise Nyssen :

• Directeur de cabinet : Marc Schwartz (mai 2017-janvier 2018) puis Laurence Tison-Vuillaume (janvier-octobre 2018)

• Directeur adjoint du cabinet : Laurence Tison-Vuillaume (mai 2017-janvier 2018) puis Pierre-Emmanuel Lecerf (février-septembre 2018), puis Philippe Lonné (septembre-octobre 2018)

• Chef de cabinet : Loic Turpin (mai 2017-octobre 2018)

• Chef adjoint de cabinet : Jeanne Guesdon (mai-juillet 2017) puis Ambre Cerny (juillet 2017-février 2018), puis Pierrick Perrot (février-octobre 2018)

Conseillers techniques :

• Sarah Gallitre, conseillère en charge de la prospective et des discours (juin 2017-octobre 2018)

• Frédérique Gérardin, conseillère en charge des questions européennes et internationales, de la francophonie et du patrimoine (juin 2017-février 2018)

• Angélique Delorme, conseillère en charge des questions européennes et internationales, de la francophonie et du patrimoine (février-octobre 2018)

• Claire Guillemain, conseillère en charge de l'action territoriale, du soutien à la création et aux artistes et des relations sociales (juin 2017-septembre 2018)

• Denis Declerck, conseiller en charge du soutien à la création et aux artistes et des relations sociales (septembre-octobre 2018)

• Gaël Hamayon, conseiller en charge de la communication et des relations avec la presse (juin-décembre 2017)

• Marianne Zalc-Müller, conseillère en charge de la communication et des relations avec la presse (décembre 2017-octobre 2018)

• Pierre-Emmanuel Lecerf, conseiller en charge du numérique, des industries culturelles et des médias (juin 2017-février 2018)

• Leïla Derouich, conseillère en charge de l'audiovisuel et des médias, des industries culturelles et du numérique (février-octobre 2018)

• Jean-Miguel Pire, conseiller en charge de l'accès à la culture, de l'enseignement artistique, du livre et de la lecture (mai-septembre 2017)

• Céline Léger-Danion, conseillère en charge de l'accès à la culture, de l’éducation artistique et culturelle, du livre et de la lecture (septembre 2017-octobre 2018)

HISTORICAL NOTE

Historical note:

Françoise Nyssen est nommée ministre de la Culture le 17 mai 2017, sous la présidence d’Emmanuel Macron, dans le premier gouvernement d’Edouard Philippe (mai-juin 2017) et reconduite dans son second gouvernement (juin 2017-....).

Si Françoise Nyssen abandonne dès son entrée au gouvernement ses fonctions au conseil d’administration de la maison d’édition Actes Sud fondée par son père Hubert Nyssen, sa nomination comme ministre de la Culture pose la question du conflit d’intérêts. Afin d’éviter cet écueil, le décret n° 2018-591 du 9 juillet 2018 retire à la ministre toute compétence en ce qui concerne les actes relatifs à la société « Actes Sud », l'exercice de la tutelle du Centre national du livre et la régulation économique du secteur de l'édition littéraire qui sont exercés par le Premier ministre.

Françoise Nyssen se voit confier la mission de mettre en œuvre la promesse de campagne d’Emmanuel Macron de créer un « Pass Culture » afin de permettre à tous les jeunes de 18 ans d’accéder plus facilement à l’offre culturelle. Doté d’un montant de 500 euros, il est conçu comme « une application géolocalisée avec un catalogue, un agenda et un portefeuille associé qui permet de connaitre et d’accéder à toute l’offre culturelle à proximité ». Ce Pass est non seulement un outil d’information mais également un moyen de paiement. Le dispositif est testé en 2018 dans cinq départements.

La ministre de la Culture est également chargée de concrétiser un autre engagement présidentiel : celui "d’ouvrir mieux, et donc, plus, les bibliothèques", notamment en élargissant les horaires d’ouverture des bibliothèques en soirée et le week-end, afin de se rapprocher du niveau de service offert par les bibliothèques américaines ou d’autres pays européens. Pour cela, une mission est confiée à l’écrivain Erik Orsenna et à l’inspecteur des affaires culturelles Noël Corbin afin d’établir un état des lieux de la lecture publique en France et d’effectuer des propositions. Cette mission donne lieu à un rapport, « Voyage au pays des bibliothèques, lire aujourd'hui, lire demain», remis à la ministre le 20 février 2018, et au lancement d’un « plan bibliothèques ».

L’éducation artistique et culturelle constitue une des priorités du quinquennat d’Emmanuel Macron et un axe majeur de la politique culturelle de Françoise Nyssen. Le budget qui lui est consacré est augmenté. En lien avec le ministère de l’Éducation nationale, la ministre lance en 2017 l’opération « La Rentrée en musique », puis le plan « Chorales » qui vise à instaurer une chorale dans chaque école primaire. Ces initiatives sont complétées par l’opération « Tous musiciens d’orchestre » qui a pour objectif de permettre à tous les jeunes de pratiquer un instrument de musique en collectif. L’opération « Les étés à Valois » permet également d’accueillir plusieurs centaines de jeunes franciliens au Palais-Royal pendant la période estivale pour des ateliers d’initiation culturelle.

Afin de réduire les inégalités territoriales et de soutenir l’accès à la culture pour tous, Françoise Nyssen présente en mars 2018 le plan « Culture près de chez vous ». Doté d’un budget de 6,5 millions d’euros en 2018, ce dispositif vise à lutter contre les déserts culturels et artistiques en conduisant « les œuvres et les artistes sur les routes de France ». Ce plan repose sur l’identification de 86 territoires culturels prioritaires, un soutien à l’itinérance des artistes (via l’importation de davantage de productions de théâtres parisiens vers les zones délaissées) et des œuvres (mise en place d’un « catalogue des désirs » pour inciter les musées nationaux à prêter d’avantages aux petits établissements), et la création de micro-folies dans toute la France. La ministre renonce à organiser les traditionnels concerts de la Fête de la musique au palais-Royal au profit de concerts dans six villes de province et de banlieue.

Un autre axe important de la politique de Françoise Nyssen est la lutte pour la parité et l’égalité hommes-femmes. Lors de son discours devant le comité ministériel pour l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes du 7 février 2018, la ministre s’engage en faveur de la parité, de l’égalité et de la diversité hommes-femmes. Plusieurs mesures concrètes sont initiées, telles que la mise en place d’un plan de rattrapage des inégalités salariales au sein du ministère, la nomination de 50 % de femmes à la tête des établissements publics culturels à l’issue du quinquennat, la mise en place d’objectifs en matière de programmation pour une meilleure visibilité des artistes femmes et d’un système de malus sur les subventions pour ceux qui ne respectent pas leurs objectifs. Dans le cinéma, un bonus financier de 15% est alloué aux films dont la production est exemplaire en matière de parité hommes-femmes.

En janvier 2018, Françoise Nyssen confie à Benjamin Stora une mission de coordination de l’action culturelle en faveur des migrants. Cette action a pour objectif de faciliter l’accès des migrants aux arts et à la culture, de donner la possibilité aux artistes et professionnels de poursuivre leur activité sur le territoire français, et de contribuer à l’évolution du regard de la société sur les migrants.

Dans le domaine de la Francophonie, la ministre annonce en septembre 2018 plusieurs mesures de soutien aux artistes francophones et à leur rayonnement à l’étranger, en s’inspirant du rapport sur "la promotion des créateurs et auteurs issus des mondes francophones" de Xavier North, inspecteur général des affaires culturelles, et Paul de Sinety, chargé de mission pour la francophonie.

En juin 2018, la ministre annonce une réforme de l’audiovisuel public. Le premier volet de cette réforme prévoit notamment la suppression d’au moins un canal hertzien (suppression de France Ô, réduction de France 4 à une diffusion seulement numérique), un renforcement des programmes régionaux grâce au rapprochement de France Bleu avec France 3, et un investissement accru dans les nouvelles technologies numériques. Le deuxième volet de la réforme comprend notamment la transposition de la directive européenne SMA (services de médias audiovisuels).

Par ailleurs, deux propositions de lois sont initiées pour lutter contre la manipulation de l’information à l’ère numérique et endiguer la diffusion de fausses informations (« fake news »). Souhaitant des « médias engagés », la ministre annonce également la création d’une plateforme commune de décryptage des fausses nouvelles.

La ministre apporte également son soutien au projet de directive européenne sur le droit d’auteur afin de défendre « un meilleur partage de la valeur entre auteurs et plateformes numériques » (GAFA). La directive renforce le droit à la rémunération des créateurs dont les œuvres sont exploitées par les plateformes numériques, crée un droit voisin pour les éditeurs et agences de presse, et instaure un droit à une rémunération juste et proportionnelle pour les créateurs.

Enfin, autre chantier ministériel, celui de la réforme de la distribution de la presse, principalement assurée par le groupe Presstalis. En mars 2018, le groupe est sauvé in extremis de la faillite grâce à l’aide de l’État et à une contribution accrue des éditeurs de presse. Cependant, la pérennisation du groupe implique de revoir les règles de distribution de la presse qui sont fixées par la loi Bichet depuis 1947. Annoncé par Françoise Nyssen, le projet de loi visant à moderniser le système de distribution de la presse verra le jour en 2023.

Le mandat de Françoise Nyssen est marqué par plusieurs polémiques. A l’occasion du 150e anniversaire de la naissance de l’essayiste nationaliste et antisémite Charles Maurras, l’historien Olivier Dard rédige une notice pour le livre des commémorations nationales 2018. Sur décision de la ministre, la notice sera supprimée et les ouvrages envoyés au pilon. L’arrivée du projet de loi ELAN (Évolution du logement, de l’aménagement et du numérique) à l’Assemblée nationale provoque l’émotion du milieu des défenseurs du patrimoine, car la loi entend faciliter la création de logement au détriment de la protection du patrimoine et met fin à l’avis conforme des architectes des bâtiments de France (ABF).

En parallèle, le président de la République Emmanuel Macron confie à plusieurs personnalités différentes missions dans le domaine culturel : nomination d’Eric Orsenna comme ambassadeur de la lecture en juin 2017, mission d’identification sur le patrimoine immobilier en péril confiée à Stéphane Bern en septembre 2017, nomination de l’écrivaine Leïla Slimani comme représentante personnelle du président pour la francophonie en novembre 2017, mission d’étude sur la restitution d’œuvres d’art à des pays africains confiée en mars 2018 à Bénédicte Savoy et Felwine Sarr. C’est également en mars 2018 que le président annonce la création d’une cité de la francophonie dans le château de Villers-Cotterêts à l’horizon 2022.

Lors du remaniement ministériel du 16 octobre 2018, Françoise Nyssen est remplacée par Franck Riester à la tête du ministère de la Culture.


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This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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