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Montpezat, Jean (1937-....)

Person | 15 juillet 1937 - Identifier: FRAN_NP_051397
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France
Archives nationales

Date of birth:

15 juillet 1937

PLACE

Place:

Polynésie française

Polynésie-Française (pays et territoires d'outre-mer)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Date:

décembre 1987 - janvier 1992

Note:

J. Montpezat, haut-commissaire de la République en Polynésie française

Place:

Nouvelle-Calédonie

Nouvelle-Calédonie (pays et territoires d'outre-mer)

Role of the place:

Lieu général

Date:

août 1986 - novembre 1987

Note:

J. Montpezat, haut-commissaire de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie

OCCUPATION

Occupation:

chef de service d'administration centrale

Date:

1974 - 1984

Occupation:

chargé de mission au cabinet du Premier ministre

Date:

1969 - 1974

Occupation:

enseignant

Date:

1967 - 1981

Occupation:

membre de cabinet ministériel

Date:

1966 - 1969

Note:

chef adjoint, chef de cabinet, puis conseiller technique au cabinet du ministère des DOM-TOM

Occupation:

fonctionnaire

Date:

1960 - 2004

Note:

Haurt fonctionnaire du ministère des DOM-TOM, il est intégré en 1984 dans le corps des trésoriers payeurs généraux, il a notamment été haut-commissaire de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie et Polynésie française ; ses archives se constituent essentiellement des malles rapatriées du Pacifique Sud et conservées dans sa cave depuis son retour en métropole comme trésorier payeur général.

BIOGRAPHY

Biography:

Jean Montpezat est né le 15 juillet 1937 à Pierrefitte-Nestalas (Hautes-Pyrénées). Il effectue ses études à Toulouse (1957-1960) : il est licencié en droit, titulaire d'un DES de droit public de l'université de Toulouse, diplômé de l'Institut d'études politiques de Toulouse et diplômé de l'Institut d'études internationales et de recherches pour les pays en voie de développement. En 1960, il est envoyé en mission d'assistance technique au Maroc et sert ensuite comme officier en Algérie, avec Jean-Pierre Chevènement. Au lendemain de l'indépendance algérienne, en juillet 1962, il est attaché au consulat général d'Oran (1962-1963). Diplômé de l'ENA qu'il intègre en 1963, il appartient à la promotion Stendhal (1965) où il a comme camarades de promotion Jean-Pierre Chevènement, Lionel Jospin ou encore Jacques Toubon.

Il devient chargé de mission auprès du ministre de l'Intérieur, pour l'information des maires et des conseillers généraux (1965). Il intègre ensuite le cabinet du ministre des DOM-TOM (1966-1969) : il est chef adjoint puis chef de cabinet du général Paul Billotte, puis conseiller technique auprès de ses successeurs, Joël Le Theule et Michel Inschauspé (1966-1969). Il accompagne le voyage du général de Gaulle autour du monde en 1966 : Djibouti au lendemain des émeutes, Addis-Abeba au temps du dernier négus Haïlé Sélassié, Phnom Penh où de Gaulle prononce son célèbre discours le 1er septembre, Nouméa et Tahiti dans le Pacifique, et enfin Pointe-à-Pitre, où de Gaulle rencontre Henri Bangou. Après avoir suivi la campagne présidentielle de Georges Pompidou outre-mer en 1969, il est appelé par René Journiac pour devenir le chargé de mission DOM-TOM de Jacques Foccart au sein du secrétariat général des Affaires africaines et malgaches, durant la présidence de Georges Pompidou (1969-1974). Recevant son chargé de mission pour les DOM-TOM en entretien, Georges Pompidou lui délivre une seule consigne : "Les administrations passeront leur temps à me faire arbitrer leurs problèmes et ne me diront rien sur l'essentiel : je veux que vous me disiez la vérité !" A la suite du décès du président Pompidou, le 2 avril 1974, il quitte la présidence de la République pour suivre la campagne de Jacques Chaban-Delmas dans les DOM-TOM.

Après 1974, il poursuit une carrière de haut fonctionnaire dans les DOM-TOM : nommé au ministère rue Oudinot, il est successivement sous-directeur des Affaires économiques, financières et du Plan à la direction des TOM, directeur des TOM (1974-1979) et, après la réforme de Paul Dijoud en 1979, directeur des Affaires politiques, administratives et financières de l'outre-mer - DAPAF - (1979-1984). Après 1981, les ministres socialistes des DOM-TOM, Henri Emmanuelli et Georges Lemoine, lui maintiennent leur confiance et le laissent à la tête de la DAPAF. A ce titre, il est un acteur essentiel de la négociation de Nainville-les-Roches en 1983 sur l'évolution de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. En 1984, il devient trésorier payeur général de l'Orne sans cesser de s'intéresser à l'outre-mer (1984-1986). Parallèlement à ses missions de haut-fonctionnaire, il est chargé de cours aux facultés de droit de Paris (1967-1971) puis chargé de conférence à l'ENA (1978-1981).

En 1986, il retrouve l'outre-mer en étant nommé haut-commissaire de la République en Nouvelle-Calédonie, en remplacement de Fernand Wibaux, dans un contexte de tensions (12 août 1986-28 novembre 1987). Il s'efforce de maintenir le dialogue politique entre Jacques Lafleur et Jean-Marie Tjibaou et organise le référendum de septembre 1987. Partisan du dialogue avec Jean-Marie Tjibaou, en butte à l'hostilité de Jacques Lafleur et de la droite locale, il quitte la Nouvelle-Calédonie quelques mois avant les événements d'Ouvéa. La qualité des relations qu'il a nouées avec les différents acteurs calédoniens s'avèrera précieuse dans les négociations menées par le Premier ministre Michel Rocard et qui aboutissent aux accords de Matignon en 1988. Quittant Nouméa le 28 novembre 1987, il gagne le jour-même Papeete : il est nommé haut-commissaire de la République en Polynésie française (28 novembre 1987-28 janvier 1992). Durant ses cinq ans de mission, par-delà l'élection présidentielle de 1988, il s'efforce par son sens de la diplomatie et ses contacts avec les personnalités politiques polynésiennes de dénouer les crises dans l'archipel ; la Polynésie est alors soumise aux influences régionales, qui pèsent tout particulièrement lors des dernières campagnes d'essais nucléaires. Il accueille notamment le président de la République François Mitterrand et le Premier ministre Michel Rocard en visite officielle. L'essentiel de sa mission se déroule sous la présidence d'Alexandre Léontieff, remplacé en 1991 par Gaston Flosse. Au terme d'un bras de fer politique avec ce dernier, Jean Montpezat quitte la Polynésie le 28 janvier 1992.

En 1992, de retour en métropole, il est nommé trésorier payeur général de Basse-Normandie (1992-1997). Au cours de ses expériences de trésorier payeur général, Jean Montpezat témoigne un goût prononcé pour l'innovation informatique. Il est ensuite détaché en qualité d'agent comptable, directeur de la trésorerie et de la comptabilité des Aéroports de Paris (1997-2004) et admis à faire valoir ses droits à la retraite en 2004. Retraité, il est délégué général de la Fondation des Hôpitaux de Paris (2004-2008) et il continue à servir bénévolement l'Etat en siégeant au Conseil supérieur de la Cour des comptes (2007-2010) et en effectuant des missions d'expertise dans ses domaines de compétence.

Jean Montpezat est grand officier de la Légion d'honneur, commandeur de l'ordre national du Mérite, officier des Palmes académiques et croix de la Valeur militaire. Alain Lambert, ministre délégué au Budget, dit de lui lors de son discours du 10 décembre 2003 en l'honneur de sa remise des insignes de commandeur de la Légion d'honneur, en présence notamment de Michel Rocard, Jean-Pierre Chevènement et Paul Dijoud : "Pour vous, le contrôle est aux antipodes de "l'administration coups de tampon", qui paralyse et enserre dans un formalisme étroit et tatillon. L'Etat doit favoriser l'initiative, non la freiner, jamais la briser. [...] Vous aimez donner de l'Etat une image bienveillante et compréhensive. Pour vous qui êtes un remarquable joueur d'échecs, l'Etat doit être stratège, ouvrir la voie, anticiper les mutations. Au fond, vous êtes un précurseur, car vous êtes attaché depuis longtemps à l'avènement au sein de l'Etat d'une véritable culture de l'anticipation, qui aille au-delà de l'adaptation. [...] Vos convictions humanistes emportent l'adhésion, car faute d'anticipation, les mutations sont brutales, notamment pour les populations les plus humbles. Le devoir de l'Etat est, en effet, de lutter contre tout ce qui fait le malheur des hommes : la pauvreté, l'injustice, la solitude, l'intolérance. Rassembler les énergies, redonner espoir et confiance."


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