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Colin, André (1910-1978)

Person | 19 janvier 1910 - 1978 Identifier: FRAN_NP_050282
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France
Archives nationales

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Date of birth:

19 janvier 1910

Date of death:

1978

OCCUPATION

Occupation:

Occupation:

élu local

Date:

1964 - 1978

Note:

président du conseil général du finistère de 1964 à 1978

Occupation:

sénateur

Date:

1959 - 1978

Occupation:

Date:

1945 - 1958

Note:

plusieurs fois secrétaire d'Etat ou ministre entre 1945 et 1958

BIOGRAPHY

Biography:

André Colin est né le 19 janvier 1910 à Brest (Finistère). Après un cursus secondaire à Brest, il effectue des études de droit à l'université catholique d'Angers puis à celle de Paris où il soutient en 1931 une thèse de doctorat sur "La famille dans la législation italienne" qui sera publiée la même année aux Presses universitaires de France. En 1936, André Colin devient professeur de droit civil à la faculté catholique de Lille.

Son engagement dans la vie publique se manifeste d'abord sur le terrain, puis par son élection au secrétariat général et, de 1936 à 1939, à la présidence générale de l'Association catholique de la jeunesse française (ACJF) fondée par le comte Albert de Mun en 1886. Il gardera toujours un attachement très profond à la démocratie sociale et au mouvement syndicaliste d'inspiration chrétienne.

André Colin, la Résistance et la naissance du Mouvement républicain populaire.

En août 1939, il est mobilisé comme officier de justice maritime au 2e Bureau de la division navale du Levant à Beyrouth. A la suite de l'armistice, il appelle par radio, dès le 22 juin 1940, la population de Beyrouth à poursuivre la lutte contre l'Allemagne. A son retour en France, André Colin participe très activement à l'organisation de la Résistance dans la jeunesse, notamment dans le cadre de l'ACJF : il travaille en liaison avec Pierre Brossolette et, surtout, Georges Bidault, alors que ce dernier est devenu président du Conseil national de la Résistance (CNR) après l'arrestation de Jean Moulin le 21 juin 1943, et il contribue tout particulièrement à l'organisation des Forces unies de la jeunesse patriotique (FUJP).

Appelé en octobre 1943 à siéger à l'Assemblée consultative provisoire, André Colin poursuit la lutte anti-allemande dans la clandestinité. Il rencontre alors Jules Catrice, personnalité la plus marquante de la future fédération du Mouvement républicain populaire (MRP) du Nord, et, à partir de 1944, prépare activement avec Georges Bidault la fondation du futur MRP, d'abord sous le nom de Mouvement républicain de libération (MRL). André Colin sera nommé délégué général du MRP à la Libération.

Le 10 septembre 1944, il remplace, au sein du Conseil national de la Résistance, Georges Bidault lorsque ce dernier devient ministre des Affaires étrangères dans le premier cabinet Charles de Gaulle.

Siégeant à l'Assemblée consultative provisoire de Paris, en sa qualité de membre du CNR, à compter du 8 novembre 1944, André Colin y est nommé membre de la Commission de la jeunesse et des sports, de celle de l'intérieur et de la santé publique, et de celle du règlement.

A compter de 1945, André Colin est secrétaire général du MRP, alors le deuxième parti de France après le Parti communiste, et il conservera ce poste jusqu'en 1955.

Le 21 octobre 1945, André Colin est élu député à la première Assemblée nationale Constituante. A nouveau tête de liste MRP dans le Finistère aux élections du 2 juin 1946, il est brillamment réélu. Il retrouve, à l'Assemblée, la Commission de l'agriculture et est également nommé à celle des moyens de communication et des postes, télégraphes et téléphones.

André Colin entre, le 24 octobre 1945, dans le cabinet Georges Bidault, comme secrétaire d'Etat, chargé de l'information, à la présidence du Conseil.

André Colin et la IVème République.

Le 10 novembre 1946, André Colin est réélu pour la première législature de la IVe République et est nommé, à l'Assemblée, membre de la Commission des territoires d'outremer (1947) et de celle de la marine marchande et des pêches (1948).

Le 11 septembre 1948, il entre comme ministre de la Marine marchande dans le premier cabinet Henri Queuille.

Opposé à la nationalisation des écoles des houillères (14 mai 1948), il est en revanche partisan du plan Marshall (7 juillet 1948), de la formation du Conseil de l'Europe (9 juillet 1949) et de la ratification du pacte de l'Atlantique (26 juillet 1948).

André Colin entre à nouveau comme secrétaire d'Etat à l'intérieur dans le deuxième cabinet Georges Bidault, lors du remaniement du 7 février 1950.

Le 7 mai 1951, il vote pour la réforme électorale instituant le scrutin de liste majoritaire départemental à un tour avec apparentements. Le 14 octobre 1951, il est élu Conseiller général de l'île d'Ouessant.

André Colin est à nouveau réélu pour la deuxième législature de la IVe République le 17 juin 1951. Dès le 11 août 1951, il entre, comme secrétaire d'État auprès du ministre de l'intérieur Charles Brune, dans le deuxième cabinet René Pleven.

André Colin est à nouveau nommé secrétaire d'État à l'intérieur dans le premier cabinet Edgar Faure, mais, dès le 29 février 1952, celui-ci offre à son tour sa démission. La Troisième force disparaît alors pratiquement de la vie politique française.

Le 8 janvier 1953, André Colin entre comme secrétaire d'État à l'Intérieur dans le cabinet René Mayer, à son tour démissionnaire le 21 mai suivant : la crise ministérielle qui s'ouvre alors est la plus longue de toute la IVe République, jusqu'au 26 juin 1953.

Partisan de l'intégration européenne et occidentale, André Colin se prononce, le 30 août 1953, contre la question préalable opposée par Édouard Herriot et le général Aumeran à la ratification du traité de Paris sur la Communauté européenne de défense (C.E.D.), question dont l'adoption équivaut au rejet du traité. Puis, le 10 décembre suivant, il refuse la confiance au gouvernement Mendès France sur sa politique en Algérie et, le 20 décembre 1953, s'oppose à la ratification des accords de Paris permettant l'entrée de l'Allemagne dans l'OTAN.

André Colin est réélu aux élections législatives anticipées du 2 janvier 1956 et est nommé membre titulaire de la Commission des finances (1956, 1957, 1958).

Partisan de l'investiture de Guy Mollet lors du scrutin du 31 janvier 1956, André Colin vote, le 25 octobre 1956, pour la confiance au gouvernement sur sa politique générale et sur la situation à Suez et en Algérie, puis, le 9 juillet 1957 pour la ratification des traités instituant la C.E.E. et l'Euratom, et, le 30 septembre 1957, pour la confiance au gouvernement Bourgès-Maunoury à propos du vote de la loi-cadre sur l'Algérie (scrutin à la suite duquel le gouvernement est renversé).

Il est en outre élu, le 13 mars 1958, représentant de la France à l'Assemblée des Communautés européennes.

Le cabinet Félix Gaillard, démissionnaire le 15 avril 1958, est remplacé à compter du 14 mai, par le gouvernement dirigé par le président du M.R.P, Pierre Pflimlin dans lequel André Colin, qui a voté la confiance la veille, est ministre de la France d'Outre-mer. A la suite de l'insurrection d'Alger et de la formation d'un comité de Salut public puis de la manifestation algéroise en faveur du général de Gaulle (13-15 mai), André Colin vote le 16, l'état d'urgence sur le territoire métropolitain, puis, le 27 il soutient la proposition de résolution tendant à réviser certains articles de la Constitution. Après la démission du cabinet, André Colin se rallie au général de Gaulle, votant la confiance le 1er juin 1958 et se prononçant, le 2, pour les pleins pouvoirs et la révision constitutionnelle.

André Colin, sénateur.

André Colin se présente aux élections sénatoriales du 26 avril 1959, sur la liste d'Action familiale, sociale et rurale présentée par le M.R.P. et est élu sénateur du Finistère. Peu après, en mai 1959, il est nommé président national du M.R.P. Il conserve cette charge jusqu'en 1963, gérant un mouvement en déclin.

Le 23 septembre 1962, il est réélu au Sénat . Après avoir rejoint le comité directeur du Centre démocrate, parti créé en 1966 par Jean Lecanuet, il se présente le 5 mars 1967 aux élections législatives dans la quatrième circonscription du Finistère et est battu. Mais quatre ans plus tard, le 26 septembre 1971, il est de nouveau reconduit au Palais du Luxembourg.

Dès sa première élection au Sénat en 1959, André Colin s'inscrit au groupe des Républicains populaires et du Centre démocratique. Il le préside de 1963 à 1968, puis de 1968 à 1971 sous sa nouvelle dénomination d'Union centriste des démocrates de progrès (UCDP). Il conduit notamment le groupe à s'opposer à la réforme du Sénat proposée par le général de Gaulle. Membre entre 1959 et 1972 de la commission des finances, au nom de laquelle il rapporte le budget du service des poudres, il siège ensuite au sein de la commission des affaires étrangères, dont il devient président en avril 1973 à la suite de Jean Lecanuet. Entre-temps, candidat en octobre 1968 à la présidence du Sénat pour la succession de Gaston Monnerville, il avait dû se retirer à l'issue du second tour de scrutin.

André Colin consacre toutefois l'essentiel de son activité sénatoriale à deux causes auxquelles il demeure passionnément attaché tout au long de sa vie : l'Europe et la Bretagne. Fervent militant européen, membre de l'Assemblée unique des Communautés européennes dès 1958 puis du Parlement européen à partir de 1963, il en assure la vice-présidence en 1973. Il présente chaque année aux sénateurs un rapport d'information établi par la délégation française sur l'activité de l'assemblée européenne.

Amoureux de sa terre natale, André Colin s'attache également à défendre la Bretagne, à commencer par Ouessant dont il est conseiller général depuis 1951. Elu président du Conseil général du Finistère en 1964, fonction qu'il occupe jusqu'à la fin de sa vie, puis du Conseil régional de Bretagne en 1976 au siège laissé vacant par René Pleven - il est alors membre politique du Centre des démocrates sociaux depuis mai 1976 -, il œuvre à la mise en place d'une politique de préservation du littoral breton.

Assistant avec amertume à la répétition des marées noires sur les côtes de la Bretagne, André Colin s'emploie au Sénat à lutter pour leur prévention. Dès le naufrage du pétrolier Torrey Canyon en 1967, il interpelle régulièrement le Gouvernement sur son imprévoyance dans ce domaine. En 1976, après le naufrage de l'Olympic Bravery sur l'île d'Ouessant, il demande la création d'un ministère de la Mer. Puis, à la suite de la marée noire d'une ampleur inégalée provoquée par le pétrolier Amoco Cadiz le 16 mars 1978, il réclame la constitution d'une commission d'enquête sénatoriale. Nommé président de cette commission en mai 1978, en dépit de la grave maladie qui l'affecte, il mène ainsi son dernier combat parlementaire sur un sujet qui lui tient très à cœur. Deux mois après avoir déposé le rapport fait au nom de cette commission, cet homme resté toute sa vie fidèle à la démocratie chrétienne et à la Bretagne, s'éteint à Carantec à l'âge de soixante-huit ans.

Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur au titre de la Résistance, André Colin est titulaire de la Croix de guerre 1939-1945 avec palmes et de la médaille de la Résistance, commandeur du Mérite maritime et chevalier de Saint-Grégoire-le-Grand. Il était, depuis 1945, membre du conseil d'administration de Bayard-Presse.


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This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, No Derivates (BY-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object, even commercially, as long as no alteration is made to the object and you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial (BY-NC) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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