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Direction de l'enseignement scolaire

Corporate body | 1997 - Identifier: FRAN_NP_002977
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Archival materials (13)

Date of foundation:

1997

Alternative names:

DGESCO

France. Ministère de l'Éducation nationale. Direction générale de l'enseignement scolaire (1997-....)

LEGAL STATUS

Legal status:

service d'administration centrale

FUNCTION

Function:

enseignement scolaire

Function:

formation

Function:

gestion des systèmes d'information

Function:

gestion du personnel

Function:

préparation budgétaire

Function:

recrutement

MANDATE

Note:

Décret n°97-1149 du 15 décembre 1997 portant organisation de l'administration centrale du ministère de l'éducation nationale et de l'administration centrale du ministère de la recherche (NOR: MENA9703627D; https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000752229&dateTexte=20010918)

Décret n° 2006-572 du 17 mai 2006 modifié fixant l'organisation de l'administration centrale du ministère de l’Éducation nationale, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (NOR: MENA0601257D ; https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000240837)

Décret n° 2010-829 du 20 juillet 2010 modifiant le décret n° 2006-572 du 17 mai 2006 fixant l’organisation de l’administration centrale des ministères de l’Éducation nationale et de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (NOR: MENA1013554D ; ELI : https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2010/7/20/MENA1013554D/jo/texte)

Décret n° 2014-133 du 17 février 2014 fixant l'organisation de l'administration centrale des ministères de l'Éducation nationale et de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (NOR: MENA1330827D ; https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000028613832)

STRUCTURE

Note:

Depuis le décret n° 2010-829 du 20 juillet 2010, la DGESCO s'organise autour de trois pôles. Le premier regroupe les services à vocation transversale avec à leur tête un coordinateur des services communs, comme par exemple le département de l'information et de la valorisation (DIV). Le deuxième est constitué par le service de l'instruction publique et de l'action pédagogique. Dans ce service, on trouve trois sous-directions, elles-mêmes subdivisées en bureaux : la sous-direction du socle commun, de la personnalisation des parcours scolaires et de l'orientation, la sous-direction des lycées et de la formation professionnelle tout au long de la vie et enfin la sous-direction des programmes d'enseignement, de la formation des enseignants et du développement numérique. Enfin, le service du budget, de la performance et des établissements prend en charge les autres compétences. Il s'organise autour de la sous-direction de la gestion des programmes budgétaires, la sous-direction de la performance et du dialogue avec les académies et de la sous-direction de la vie scolaire, des établissements et des actions socio-éducatives.

Liste des directeurs de l'enseignement scolaire et directeurs généraux de l'enseignement scolaire depuis 1997

- 17/12/1997-22/05/1998 : Alain Boissinot [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 22/05/1998-20/01/2000 :Bernard Toulemonde [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 20/01/2000-04/05/2000 : Daniel Bancel [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 04/05/2000-16/07/2004 : Jean-Paul de Gaudemar [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 16/07/2004-24/06/2005 : Patrick Gérard [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 24/06/2005-21/03/2007 : Roland Debbasch [Directeur de l'enseignement scolaire, puis directeur général de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 21/03/2007-24/12/2009 : Jean-Louis Nembrini [Directeur général de l’enseignement scolaire]

- 24/12/2009-26/11/2012 : Jean-Michel Blanquer [Directeur général de l’enseignement scolaire]

- 26/11/2012-07/05/2014 : Jean-Paul Delahaye [Directeur général de l'enseignement scolaire]

- 07/05/2014- : Florence Robine [Directrice générale de l'enseignement scolaire]

HISTORICAL NOTE

Historical note:

Le décret n°97-1149 du 15 décembre 1997 marque une profonde réorganisation de l'administration centrale du ministère de l'Éducation nationale ; il crée notamment la direction de l'enseignement scolaire, devenue par le décret n° 2006-572 du 17 mai 2006 relatif à l'organisation de l'administration centrale des ministères de l’Éducation nationale et de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, la direction générale de l'enseignement scolaire (DGESCO). Celle-ci élabore la politique éducative et pédagogique et assure la mise en œuvre des programmes d'enseignement des écoles, des collèges, des lycées et des lycées professionnels. Elle définit le cadre et assure l'animation des actions de formation continue organisées dans les établissements du second degré. Elle élabore la réglementation relative à l'organisation et au fonctionnement des écoles et des établissements du second degré. En liaison avec la direction générale de l'enseignement supérieur et de l'insertion professionnelle et la direction générale des ressources humaines, elle définit la politique de recrutement des personnels et les orientations générales de la politique de formation initiale et continue des enseignants des premier et second degrés. Elle assure la maîtrise d'ouvrage des systèmes d'information dans les domaines relevant de ses compétences. Elle définit et anime la politique de scolarisation des élèves présentant un handicap ou un trouble invalidant de la santé. Elle coordonne la politique de formation et de professionnalisation pour ce qui relève de l'enseignement spécialisé. Elle définit la politique relative à l'éducation prioritaire. Elle en anime et évalue la mise en œuvre. Elle attribue les aides auxquelles peuvent prétendre les associations éducatives qui prolongent l'action de l'enseignement public. Elle définit la politique en matière de vie scolaire, de prévention et d'action sanitaire et sociale en faveur des élèves. Elle est chargée des questions pédagogiques relatives aux établissements d'enseignement scolaire privés. Elle contribue à l'action européenne et internationale relative à l'enseignement scolaire et favorise, en liaison avec la délégation aux relations européennes et internationales et à la coopération, la mobilité des enseignants et des élèves des formations générales, technologiques et professionnelles ainsi que le développement de l'enseignement international. Elle exerce la tutelle pédagogique des établissements scolaires français à l'étranger.

La direction générale de l'enseignement scolaire est aussi responsable des programmes budgétaires relatifs à l'enseignement scolaire public du premier degré, à l'enseignement scolaire public du second degré et à la vie de l'élève arrêtés dans les lois de finances. Elle fixe aux autorités académiques leurs objectifs dans le champ de ces missions et évalue leurs résultats. Elle alloue aux autorités académiques les moyens en crédits et en emplois destinés aux écoles et aux établissements publics du second degré.

Histoire administrative

En 1946, le ministère de l’Éducation nationale se compose de quatre grandes directions générales héritées de l'organisation en vigueur sous la IIIe République : enseignement, arts et lettres, architecture, éducation physique et sports.

En 1958, la Direction générale de l'enseignement est scindée en deux entités :

- la Direction de l'enseignement du premier degré (DEPD), qui gère l'inspection des écoles primaires et des écoles normales, définit les programmes, les questions de vie scolaire, l'enseignement spécialisé et les relations avec l'enseignement privé

- et la Direction de l'enseignement du second degré (DESD), qui assure les mêmes fonctions pour les collèges et les lycées et prend en charge l'établissement de la carte scolaire, ainsi que l’organisation de certains examens du personnel (certificats d'aptitude, agrégation pour les professeurs, concours des sous-intendants, etc.).

Le décret du 22 janvier 1959, puis la loi du 31 décembre 1959 relative aux rapports entre l’État et l’enseignement privé, officialisent la création de la Direction de l'organisation et des programmes scolaires (DGOPS). Le directeur bénéficie d'un cabinet composé de trois personnes et d'un secrétariat employant sept personnes. La DGOPS est constituée de trois directions (enseignements élémentaires et complémentaires, classiques et modernes et enfin techniques et professionnels) et d'une sous-direction de l'organisation scolaire et des services communs.

De 1965 à 1970, la DGOPS prend le nom de Direction de la pédagogie, des enseignements scolaires et de l'orientation (DPESCO). On observe une volonté de plus en plus marquée de promouvoir la recherche et l'expérimentation en matière pédagogique. La question de l'orientation scolaire et professionnelle des élèves devient plus prégnante, ainsi que l'attention portée au développement de la formation continue des personnels (appelée à l'époque « promotion sociale »). Au sein de la DGOPS, le service des études pédagogiques est chargé d'une mission de réflexion générale sur les programmes, les méthodes d’enseignement et l'orientation scolaire et professionnelle. Le service des enseignements est divisé en une sous-direction de l'organisation des études (par cycle d'études) et en une sous-direction de l'enfance inadaptée. Enfin, un service entier est dédié à l'organisation et à la gestion des établissements scolaires et aux sujets d'examens.

La DPESCO devient en 1970 la Direction chargée des établissements d’enseignements élémentaires et secondaires (DESCO). En son sein, la sous-direction de l'organisation pédagogique des établissements scolaires (tous degrés confondus) prend en charge l'organisation des enseignements et des examens du premier et du second cycle et comprend un bureau dédié aux problèmes médico-socio-pédagogiques relatif aux services de médecine préventive dans les établissements. Les autres services de la DESCO sont la sous-direction de l'organisation administrative des établissements, la sous-direction de la gestion financière et la sous-direction de l'orientation, de l'apprentissage et de la formation continue.

Le décret du 21 mai 1973 et l'arrêté du 9 juillet 1973 créent la Direction générale des enseignements élémentaires et secondaires (DGESCO). Elle est composée d'une direction chargée de la gestion des établissements d'enseignement élémentaires et secondaires et d'une direction de l’enseignement technologique. Un an plus tard, le décret n°74-610 du 27 juin 1974 et l'arrêté du 18 juillet 1974 entérinent le remplacement de la DGESCO par trois directions : la Direction des écoles (DE), la Direction des collèges (DC) et la direction des lycées (DL).

La DE est chargée de veiller au recrutement, à la formation initiale et continue des enseignants, des directeurs d'établissements, des inspecteurs départementaux et à la gestion de ces emplois. La DC prend en charge la pédagogie relative au premier cycle, la gestion de la vie scolaire et l'élaboration de la carte scolaire. Enfin, la DL élabore la politique d’enseignement du second cycle, à la fois de l'enseignement général et de l’enseignement technologique car celui-ci ne bénéficie plus d'une direction autonome.

En 1986, la DC et la DL fusionnent et forment la Direction des lycées et collèges (DLC). Elle est composée de cinq sous-directions : des enseignements et des diplômes ; de l'orientation, de l'insertion des élèves et de la formation des adultes ; de l'organisation et de la gestion des moyens ; des élèves et de l'action éducative et culturelle ; et de la formation continue des enseignants du second degré.

La loi du 2 mars 1982 relative aux droits, libertés des communes, des départements et des régions et la loi du 26 janvier 1984 qui instaure la fonction publique territoriale lancent le processus de décentralisation. Les collectivités territoriales reçoivent des compétences en matière d'équipement et de construction d'établissements d'enseignement public. Elles gèrent la planification du réseau scolaire en élaborant des programmes prévisionnels d'investissement, conjointement avec les services déconcentrés de l'État (rectorats), qui en assurent la supervision et le contrôle. Un nouveau partage de compétences est intégré dans les services de la DE et de la DLC, comme en témoigne le bureau du réseau scolaire et des relations avec les collectivités territoriales (DLC C3) ou le bureau du réseau scolaire et de la politique de la ville (DE C4).

En décembre 1997, la Direction de l'enseignement scolaire (DESCO) remplace la DE et la DLC. La DESCO est composée du service des formations, qui regroupe la sous-direction de l'enseignement, de la formation professionnelle, et celle de l'action éducative et de la formation des enseignants. Le service des établissements comprend la sous-direction de la prévision et des moyens et la sous-direction des établissements et de la vie scolaire.

Le décret n° 2006-572 du 17 mai 2006 relatif à l'organisation de l'administration centrale des ministères de l’Éducation nationale et de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche remplace la Direction de l'enseignement scolaire (DESCO) par la Direction générale de l'enseignement scolaire (DGESCO). Celle-ci est divisée en deux services : le service des enseignements et des formations et le service du budget et de l'égalité des chances. Faisant suite à la loi du 11 février 2005 relative à l'égalité des droits et des chances, la participation et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées, la DGESCO réaffirme ses ambitions en matière de scolarisation des enfants handicapés et de lutte contre toutes les inégalités qui se manifestent par le renforcement des mesures liées à l'éducation prioritaire et la création d'une mission sur la parité homme-femme.

1958-1959 : Direction de l'enseignement du premier degré (DEPD) ; Direction de l'enseignement du second degré (DEPD).

1960-1964 : Direction générale de l'organisation et des programmes scolaires (DGOPS).

1964-1970: Direction de la pédagogie, des enseignements scolaires et de l'orientation (DPESCO).

1970-1973 : Direction chargée des établissements d'enseignement élémentaire et secondaire (DESCO).

1973-1974 : Direction générale des enseignements élémentaires et secondaires (DGESCO).

1974-1986 : Direction des écoles (DE) ; Direction des collèges (DC) ; Direction des Lycées (DL).

1986-1997 : Direction des écoles (DE) ; Direction des lycées et collèges (DLC).

1997-2006 : Direction de l'enseignement scolaire (DESCO).

17/05/2006- : Direction générale de l'enseignement scolaire (DGESCO).


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This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, ShareAlike (BY-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak and build upon the licensed object, even for commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

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This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) licence. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the licensed object for non-commercial use only, as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence, and as long as you license your adaptations of the object under the same terms.

This object is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivates (BY-NC-ND) licence. You can copy and redistribute the object for non-commercial use only, as long as no alteration is made to the object and as long as you attribute the rights holder as described in the licence.

If you remix, transform or build upon the object, you may not distribute the modified material.

This object is in the public domain, but has been digitised as the outcome of a public-private partnership, where the terms of the contractual agreement limit commercial use for a certain period of time. You can copy, redistribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the object for non-commercial use only.

This object has been identified as an Orphan Work in the country of first publication and in line with the requirements of the national law implementing Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

This object is in the public domain, but is subject to known legal restrictions other than copyright which prevent its free re-use. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

This object is currently in copyright. Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for re-use.

The copyright status of this object has not been evaluated yet. Please contact the providing institution for more information.

You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy, or moral rights.

This object is currently in copyright and the rights holder(s) have allowed re-use for educational purposes only. You are free to use this object in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. Please note that you are responsible for your own use, including the need to obtain other permissions e.g. with regard to publicity, privacy or moral rights.

Please contact the providing institution for more information and in order to acquire additional permissions for any other uses.

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